优先考虑基于模拟的压力测试来评估运输系统的弹性:一种无计算的方法
Hossein Nasrazadani1, Maria Nogal2, Bryan T Adey1
1ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
概括
本研究提出了一种无计算的方法,以优先考虑运输系统弹性方面的压力测试. 它有效地选和排名测试,节省大量的计算时间和增强风险评估见解.
科学领域:
- 土木工程 土木工程是指土木工程.
- 系统工程 系统工程
- 风险管理 风险管理
背景情况:
- 基于模拟的压力测试对于运输系统的弹性至关重要,但计算密集.
- 评估所有可能的场景,包括气候变化影响,往往是不切实际的,因为高计算需求.
- 现有的方法在实践中不鼓励使用压力测试,因为它们的计算成本.
研究的目的:
- 引入一种新的无计算方法来评估和优先考虑基于模拟的压力测试.
- 为了使基础设施管理人员能够有效地选和排名压力测试以进行最佳的弹性评估.
- 尽量减少计算需求,同时最大限度地了解系统弹性.
主要方法:
- 一种方法来估计压力测试对风险的影响,没有计算.
- 使用最初风险评估的结果.
- 新的实施重要性采样和引导重新采样,以模仿压力测试条件和估计风险影响.
主要成果:
- 该方法在面临洪水的瑞士道路网络上得到了验证.
- 有效识别具有重大潜在风险影响的高优先级压力测试.
- 启用了80个压力测试场景的即时选,节省了大约56周的计算时间.
结论:
- 拟议的无计算方法对于优先考虑运输系统中的压力测试是有效的.
- 它显著降低了计算负担,使得弹性评估变得更加实用.
- 通过突出关键压力测试,为基础设施管理人员提供信息化的决策.
相关概念视频
Stress: General Loading Conditions
279
To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
279
Applications of Stress
226
Consider a structure made of a boom and a rod designed to support a load. These two components are connected by a pin and stabilized by brackets and pins. The boom and the rod are detached from their supports to assess the different stresses imposed on this structure, and a free-body diagram is drawn. Then, all the forces applied, including the load acting on the structure, are identified. The reaction forces exerted on both the boom and the rod are computed using the equilibrium equations.
The...
The...
226
Design Consideration
165
Designing a structure involves a series of considerations, primarily the material's ultimate strength, calculated through tests that measure changes under increased force until the material reaches its breaking point or limit. The ultimate load, where the material breaks, is divided by its original cross-sectional area, resulting in the ultimate normal stress or strength. The ultimate shearing stress is another significant factor taken into account.
The factor of safety is another key...
The factor of safety is another key...
165
Stresses under Combined Loadings
128
When analyzing a bent tube with a circular cross-section subjected to multiple forces, it is crucial to determine the stress distribution in order to maintain structural integrity under varied load conditions.
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...
The process begins by slicing the tube at critical points and analyzing the internal forces and stress components at these sections, focusing on the centroid. Normal stresses, generated by axial forces and bending moments, are either compressive or tensile and vary across the section from...
128
Transformation of Plane Stress
159
Studying stress transformation is essential in understanding how stress components within a material, like a cube under plane stress, change with rotation. This change is analyzed by considering a prismatic element within the cube. As the element rotates, the stress components acting on it—both normal and shearing stresses—change in magnitude and orientation. This change is quantified using trigonometric functions of the rotation angle, relating the forces acting on the rotated...
159
Components of Stress
190
Stress analysis under multiple loading conditions is intricate, necessitating a comprehensive grasp of normal and shearing stresses. Consider a small cube at point O, subjected to stress on all six faces, visible or not. Normal stress components σx, σy, σz act perpendicularly to the x, y, and z axes. Shearing stress components τxy and τxz are exerted on faces perpendicular to these axes.
Interestingly, the hidden cube faces also experience these stresses, equal and...
Interestingly, the hidden cube faces also experience these stresses, equal and...
190


