美国医疗保健工作者中倦怠趋势
David C Mohr1,2, Shereef Elnahal3, Maureen L Marks1
1National Center for Organization Development, Veterans Health Administration, Mason, Ohio.
JAMA network open
|April 21, 2025
概括
医疗保健工作者的燃烧和压力在流行病后减少,但仍然很高. 初级保健医生和心理健康,牙科和康复工作人员的倦怠率最高,这表明需要有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 医疗保健工作人员的倦怠是一个重大问题,COVID-19大流行加剧了这一问题.
- 了解不同医疗保健职业和环境中的倦怠趋势至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析2018年至2023年美国退伍军人卫生管理局 (VHA) 医疗保健工作人员的倦怠和职业压力趋势.
- 确定特定职业的燃烧和相关因素的显著变化.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性队列研究,使用来自140个VHA医疗中心 (2018-2023) 的年度组织范围调查数据.
- 分析了自我报告的倦怠和职业压力指标.
- 根据职业,远程工作状态和地理区域,研究了趋势.
主要成果:
- 倦怠率从2018年的30.4%上升到2022年的39.8%,在2023年降至35.4%.
- 职业压力率在2020年达到峰值 (32.0%),并在2023年降至21.4%.
- 初级保健医生报告的燃烧率最高 (46.2%-57.6%). 心理健康,牙科和康复服务的消耗显著增加. 远程工作与较低的倦怠率有关.
结论:
- 虽然VHA医疗保健工作人员的倦怠和压力在流行病后有所减少,但倦怠水平仍然高于流行病前.
- 干预措施已经显示出一些希望,但需要进一步努力,以减少燃烧到疫情前的水平.
- 针对性战略对于高风险职业至关重要.
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