对幼儿的愤怒和悲伤的功能主义观点
Gabrielle Sky Cardwell1, Pamela M Cole1, Lisa Gatzke-Kopp1
1Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University.
Emotion (Washington, D.C.)
|April 21, 2025
概括
小孩子 幼儿 幼儿
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 情感科学 情感科学
- 行为研究 行为研究
背景情况:
- 功能情绪理论将愤怒与目标阻塞和接近联系起来,悲伤与目标损失和退出联系在一起.
- 在幼儿时代了解这些情感-行动联系对于发展洞察至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究幼儿愤怒,悲伤和行为反应 (接近/退缩) 之间的关系.
- 检查这些情感-动作关联中的与年龄相关的差异.
- 在一个目标阻塞的场景中探索愤怒和悲伤的时间动态.
主要方法:
- 153名儿童 (年龄在29.7-60.3个月) 参与了6分钟的"锁定盒子任务",其中包括一个被锁定的奖励.
- 孩子们的愤怒,悲伤,接近和撤退的表达是从视频录制中编码的.
- 统计模型分析了情绪强度和随着时间推移的行为反应之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 增加的愤怒强度与增加的接近行为相关.
- 增加的悲伤强度与增加的戒断行为相关.
- 与假设相反,在愤怒与态度的关联中没有发现年龄差异,但在与悲伤相关的行为中出现了年龄差异.
结论:
- 这项研究支持幼儿愤怒和悲伤的功能性质,将它们与特定的行为倾向联系起来.
- 时间动态揭示了复杂的相互作用,例如悲伤增强了与愤怒相关的方法和愤怒抑制了与悲伤相关的退出.
- 研究情绪的时间过程为我们提供了关于它们对早期发育行为贡献的新见解.
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