生态知情的太阳能能使美国农田的可持续能源转型成为可能
Matthew A Sturchio1,2, Adam Gallaher1, Steven M Grodsky3
1Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
概括
将一小部分美国玉米乙醇土地转换为太阳能光伏设施可以促进太阳能能源的发展.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 能源系统 能源系统
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 由于平坦的地形和大量的太阳能资源,美国的耕地适合太阳能光伏 (PV) 能源.
- 人们担心太阳能发电发展与农田的粮食生产相竞争.
- 美国农田的很大一部分用于玉米乙醇生产,这是一种土地密集型生物燃料.
研究的目的:
- 评估将玉米乙醇耕地转换为生态太阳能设施的潜力.
- 评估土地利用效率,生态系统服务和景观多样化方面的改进.
- 确定在农业景观中将太阳能光伏与多年生植被相结合的最佳位置.
主要方法:
- 使用空间分析来确定合适的土地改造区域.
- 该研究评估了将3.2%的玉米乙醇土地转换为太阳能光伏的影响.
- 评估了营养过,景观多样化和野生动物息地创造的潜力.
主要成果:
- 仅仅3.2%的玉米乙醇土地的转化可以使美国公用事业规模的太阳能份额从3.9%增加到13%.
- 战略转换可以导致从农场下水的营养过.
- 太阳能光伏与多年生植被的整合可以使景观多样化,并创造野生动物息地.
结论:
- 生态知情的太阳能开发 (生态电力) 与玉米乙醇相比,提供了显著的土地利用优势.
- 在农业景观中同时放置太阳能设施可以提高能源生产效率和生态系统服务.
- 这种方法提供了一个可持续的能源转型解决方案,抵消对土地使用竞争的看法.
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