一个由364种内源性和肠道微生物群衍生代谢物驱动的人类免疫细胞转录基因变化的地图
Yiheng Zhao1,2, Yuhua Ma3, Huimin Li1
1Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
Scientific reports
|April 21, 2025
概括
肠道微生物产生影响免疫细胞的代谢物. 这项研究揭示了364种代谢物如何改变免疫细胞功能,确定了促进炎症或组织修复的不同组,提供了新的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 代谢学 代谢学 代谢学
- 微生物组研究的研究.
背景情况:
- 代谢物,特别是来自肠道微生物群的代谢物,显著影响免疫反应.
- 大多数代谢物对免疫细胞的特异性影响尚不清楚.
- 了解代谢-免疫交叉是治疗免疫和自身免疫疾病的关键.
研究的目的:
- 系统地研究各种代谢物对人类免疫细胞的免疫调节作用.
- 识别不同的代谢物集群及其相关的免疫通路和功能.
- 将肠道微生物群组成与特定的代谢物概况及其免疫影响联系起来.
主要方法:
- 用364种内源性和肠道微生物群代谢物对外围血液单核细胞 (PBMC) 的治疗.
- 使用RNA测序 (RNA-seq) 的转录组分析来评估基因表达变化.
- 聚类分析通过其效应和免疫解来分组代谢物以确定受影响的细胞类型.
- 代谢途径的丰富和肠道微生物群的分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了三种不同的代谢物群 (0,1,2) 具有独特的免疫调节特征.
- 集群1代谢物促进了炎症 (细胞因子信号传递,中性粒细胞迁移) 并抑制了铁亡.
- 集群0和2表现出抗炎作用,促进抗原呈现,组织修复和自.
- 代谢物概况与特定的代谢途径 (TCA循环,氨基酸代谢) 和肠道微生物物种有关.
结论:
- 血液中的代谢物极大地影响PBMC的功能,影响炎症和恒常通路.
- 受到肠道微生物群的影响,特定的代谢物概况可以驱动不同的免疫反应.
- 这项研究提供了代谢-免疫相互作用的全面地图,突出了免疫相关疾病的潜在治疗点.
相关概念视频
Introduction to the Human Microbiota
209
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
209
Development of Human Microbiota
61
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
61
Microbiota of the Large Intestine
98
The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
98
Functions of the Gut Microbiota
233
The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
233
Human Virome
47
The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible...
47


