匈牙利卫生发展办公室为匈牙利总人口和老年人提供可访问性的集中和地理空间建模
Peter Domjan1, Viola Angyal2, Istvan Vingender3
1Doctoral College, Health Sciences Division, Semmelweis University, Interdisciplinary Applied Health Sciences Program, Vas Street 17, Budapest, 1088, Hungary. domjan.peter@phd.semmelweis.hu.
BMC public health
|April 21, 2025
概括
匈牙利108个健康发展办公室 (HDO) 网络通常满足预防性健康需求. 然而,提高HDO的地理分布对于公平获取至关重要,特别是对老龄化人口来说.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 地理空间分析的研究.
背景情况:
- 评估匈牙利108个卫生发展办公室 (HDO) 的全国分布和可用性.
- 强调HDO在为一般和老年人提供预防性卫生服务 (营养,体力活动,心理卫生) 中的关键作用.
- 强调HDO的地理位置和可访问性显著影响公众参与预防性健康计划.
研究的目的:
- 分析匈牙利各地卫生发展办公室 (HDO) 的空间分布和可访问性.
- 在提供预防性卫生服务方面发现地理差异.
- 评估HDO网络能够满足匈牙利人口,特别是老年人的预防性健康需求的能力.
主要方法:
- 使用先进的地理空间建模 (QGIS 3.34.0) 和统计软件 (Excel,SPSS) 进行空间分析.
- 使用洛伦茨曲线,吉尼指数,位置系数 (LQ) 指数和赫芬达尔 - 希尔施曼指数来评估服务集中和差异.
- 分析了人口密度和HDO分布之间的关系,使用基于2022年的数据的皮尔森相关性和回归分析.
主要成果:
- 与人口相比,没有观察到HDO的显著空间度;然而,县级的多样性很大 (度指数).
- 位置系数 (LQ) 指数表明,布达佩斯和其他几个县的HDO代表人数不足.
- 回归分析显示,在农村地区,人口规模和HDO数量之间存在正相关性,但在布达佩斯及其周边地区并非如此.
结论:
- 匈牙利HDO网络,尽管"星形拓"分散,能够解决一般和老年人群的预防性健康需求.
- 在HDO分布中存在地理差异,在关键领域的代表性不足.
- 改善HDO的地理分布对于提高匈牙利老龄化人口的疾病预防策略的可访问性和有效性至关重要,促进健康公平.
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