社会因素,卫生政策和环境:对全球心血管疾病的影响
Scott A Lear1, Martin McKee2, Perry Hystad3
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
心血管疾病 (CVD) 是一个全球性的健康危机,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家. 了解城市/农村环境和社会因素对于有效的CVD预防和政策至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是全球主要的死亡原因,不成比例地影响低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 低低收入国家面临的挑战包括快速城市化,资金不足的医疗保健,对预防/治疗的限制,人口老龄化和高慢性疾病率.
- 城市化通过环境和社会变化显著影响生活习惯和心血管健康.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合有关LMIC中心血管健康的环境,社会和政策决定因素的发现.
- 通过不同经济发展水平的城市/农村镜头来检查这些决定因素.
- 为未来的政策和研究提供信息,以减少全球CVD负担.
主要方法:
- 现有文献的最新审查.
- 从前性城市农村流行病学 (PURE) 研究和相关研究的关键发现的综合.
- 分析重点关注CVD决定因素的城市与农村差异.
主要成果:
- 环境和社会暴露,以及政策,直接和间接地影响心血管疾病风险.
- 高收入国家的知识可能不直接适用于LMICs.
- 心血管健康的环境和社会决定因素的城市/农村差异是显而易见的.
结论:
- 考虑到当地环境,社会和政策背景的定制策略对于在LMICs中预防CVD至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解和解决不同环境中心血管健康的独特决定因素.
- 政策干预必须是以证据为基础的,并且是具体的,以有效地减少心血管疾病的全球负担.
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