在肺结核查中使用计算机辅助检测的性能:基于人口的回顾性队列研究
Henan Xin1,2, Wei Wang3, Xiaomeng Wang4
1NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, and Center for Tuberculosis Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Emerging microbes & infections
|April 22, 2025
概括
计算机辅助检测 (CAD) 软件使用胸部X射线 (CXR) 显著改善了老年人肺结核 (PTB) 病例的发现. 美国医学院发现了比放射科医生更多的疑似PTB病例,有助于早期检测和疾病进展监测.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 肺结核 (PTB) 仍然是一个重要的全球健康问题,特别是在老年人中.
- 使用胸部X射线 (CXR) 检查的活跃病例发现对于早期PTB检测至关重要.
- 在CXR分析中集成计算机辅助检测 (CAD) 软件显示了提高选效率的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 评估CAD软件 (JF CXR-1 v2) 在65岁及以上人群中识别肺结核病例的有效性.
- 将CAD软件的性能与PTB查中的传统放射科医生解释进行比较.
- 评估CAD评分在识别高风险个体和监测PTB疾病进展方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 来自江山县的PTB活病例发现项目 (2020-2022) 的CXR图像的回顾性分析.
- 使用CAD软件 (JF CXR-1 v2) 来分析来自49,919名参与者的CXR图像.
- 将CAD发现与放射科医生的解释和微生物学证实的PTB数据从结核病信息管理系统进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 与放射科医生 (1.21%) 相比,CAD软件报告了疑似PTB (12.43%) 的患病率明显更高.
- 在确认的PTB病例中,CAD发现了83.16%,超过了放射科医生 (45.54%).
- 较高的CAD得分与确认的PTB病例相关,得分显示出反映疾病进展或治疗的动态变化.
结论:
- 与传统的放射科医生解释相比,计算机辅助检测 (CAD) 软件显著提高了对老年人肺结核 (PTB) 的检测.
- CAD软件在减少工作量和提高PTB查案例发现率方面显示出潜力.
- CAD评分可以作为识别高风险个体和监测PTB疾病进展的宝贵工具.
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