在细胞外围的CCSer2门 dynein活动
Juliana L Zang1, Daytan Gibson1, Ann-Marie Zheng1
1Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
The Journal of cell biology
|April 22, 2025
概括
CCSer2是第一个能够控制细胞质dynein-1 (dynein) 运动活动的蛋白质. 这一发现解释了dynein如何将细胞载荷运送到特定位置,这对于细胞迁移至关重要.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子电机分子电机
- 细胞迁移 细胞迁移
背景情况:
- 细胞质的dynein-1 (dynein) 是一种关键的微管运动蛋白,负责各种货物的细胞内运输.
- 丁氨酸活动的精确空间和时间调节在很大程度上是未知的,这阻碍了我们对其细胞功能的理解.
- 迪尼因分辨货物并将其运送到特定的细胞区域的能力对于细胞过程至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定调节细胞质dynein-1的空间活动的蛋白质.
- 阐明在特定细胞位置控制dynein贩运的机制.
- 了解空间dynein调节在细胞迁移中的作用.
主要方法:
- 鉴定CCSer2作为一种与dynein相互作用的新型蛋白质.
- 研究CCSer2对细胞外围的dynein定位和活性的影响.
- 使用细胞模型分析CCSer2,dynein及其调节器Ndel1之间的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 鉴定出CCSer2是第一个在空间上关闭dynein活动的蛋白质.
- 在斑马鱼,巨细胞和人类细胞中,CCSer2通过调节外围局部化的dynein来促进细胞迁移.
- CCSer2不支持细胞边缘的dynein-Ndel1相互作用,导致局部化的dynein激活.
结论:
- 通过调节细胞边缘的Ndel1释放,CCSer2可以实现dynein的空间特异性.
- 这种机制提供了对dynein介导的货物运输的空间控制,这对于细胞迁移至关重要.
- CCSer2代表了一类在特定微环境中空间激活dynein的蛋白质.
相关概念视频
01:16Cell Motility through Blebbing
1.8K
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
1.8K
01:43The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles
4.3K
In eukaryotic cells, cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
4.3K
01:32Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins
7.5K
Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular...
7.5K
01:05Mechanism of Ciliary Motion
3.5K
The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
3.5K
01:21Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins
2.6K
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
2.6K
01:32Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration
4.7K
A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
4.7K