护士人员配置和护士因病缺席
Chiara Dall'Ora1,2, Paul Meredith1, Christina Saville1
1School of Health Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, United Kingdom.
JAMA network open
|April 22, 2025
概括
护士人员配置会影响病缺. 更高的注册护士 (RN) 存在率减少了缺席率,而人员不足和长班增加了缺席率,影响了医疗保健的效率.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 护理劳动力研究 护理劳动力研究
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 护士中与工作有关的高压力和病缺率对医疗保健系统的效率和生产力产生了负面影响.
- 了解导致护士缺勤的因素对于改善劳动力稳定性和患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查各种护士人员配置与医院住院护理团队内的病缺之间的关联.
- 确定特定的人员要素,这些因素可能会增加或减少护士因病休假的可能性.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性的纵向病例控制研究分析了从4家英格兰一般急性护理医院例行收集的数据.
- 该研究包括116个单位的18,674名注册护士 (RN) 和护理支持人员 (NS),检查了2015年4月至2020年2月的数据.
- 关键的暴露包括技能组合,临时人员,人员不足,长班和工作状态 (全职/兼职).
主要成果:
- 技能组合中RN比例较高与RN病缺率降低有关 (OR,0.98每10%RN小时).
- 在前一周只工作长班 (≥12小时) 显著增加了RN病假的几率 (OR,1.26).
- 兼职RN的病缺率较高 (OR,1.09),全职RN的缺席率较低,但兼职RN的缺席率较高.
结论:
- 注册护士 (RN) 人员不足是护理团队疾病缺勤增加的重要风险因素.
- 恶劣的工作条件,包括人员短缺和长班次,对护士福利构成风险,并可能加剧现有的员工短缺.
- 优化护士人员配置,特别是增加RN的比例和减少长班,可以减轻病缺,提高劳动力的可持续性.
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