为腹疾病寻求护理:系统性审查和元分析
Kirsten E Wiens1, Marissa H Miller1, Daniel J Costello1,2
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, United States of America.
PLOS global public health
|April 22, 2025
概括
在估计中经常忽略了寻求腹护理的情况,因为许多人不去医院或诊所. 这项研究强调需要包括所有年龄组和护理来源,以了解腹疾病的真正负担.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 腹疾病的监测通常依赖于医院/诊所的数据,不包括从药房和社区卫生工作者 (CHW) 寻求的护理.
- 现有的关于腹寻求护理行为的研究主要集中在5岁以下的儿童身上,忽视了其他受霍乱等疾病影响的年龄组.
研究的目的:
- 估计不同年龄组和环境中寻求腹医疗护理的个体比例.
- 通过分析传统医疗保健设施以外的寻求护理行为来识别疾病负担估计的差距.
主要方法:
- 从2000年至2024年间发表的来自62个国家的166个基于人口的初级研究研究的系统审查.
- 分析的重点是对腹寻求护理的行为,考虑各种年龄组,病例定义和研究环境.
- 使用随机效应元分析来综合发现并评估异质性.
主要成果:
- 医院和诊所是最常见的在家外寻求护理的来源;社区卫生工作者 (CHW) 和卫生站很少被报告.
- 平均32.8%的腹病例在医院或诊所寻求治疗,在低收入和中等收入国家观察到大量异质 (I2 = 99.3).
- 与普通腹相比,严重腹和霍乱病例寻求医院/诊所护理的几率明显更高 (OR 3.43).
结论:
- 通过医院和诊所的被动监测可能低估了腹的真正负担,特别是对较轻的病例.
- 对腹的寻求护理行为有很大差异,需要在未来的研究中纳入所有年龄组.
- 进一步的研究至关重要,以了解从医疗站,传统治疗师和CHW等不太知名的来源寻求护理的模式.
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