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实地评估生物能源转换对生态系统服务的好处草地

Nictor Namoi^1,2,3, Cheng-Hsien Lin^1,4, Chunhwa Jang^1,2,3

¹Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.

Journal of environmental quality

|April 22, 2025

概括

与玉米 (Zea mays L.) 相比,生物能源切换草 (Panicum virgatum L.) 显示出降低土壤温室气体排放 (N2O) 和酸盐-N漏的潜力. 然而,在干旱期间,交换草的二氧化碳排放量较高,用水效率降低.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
环境科学环境科学
生物能源作物生产作物生产

背景情况:

专门种植的多年生草本物种提供了生物能源原料的潜力,同时增强了生态系统服务.
评估生物能源作物的环境影响对于可持续农业至关重要.
转换草 (Panicum virgatum L.) 是一个有前途的非食品作物用于生物能源.

研究的目的:

为了比较生物能源转换草和玉米 (Zea mays L.) 之间的土壤温室气体排放 (CO2和N2O),酸盐-N浸出,蒸发转化 (ET) 和用水效率 (WUE).
在商业规模上评估交换草种植的环境性能.

主要方法:

从2020年到2022年在伊利诺伊州乌尔巴纳进行的实地规模研究.
草 (在56公斤Nha-1年-1年受精) 和玉米 (采用最佳实践管理,在202公斤Nha-1年-1年受精) 的比较.
测量包括土壤的二氧化碳和二氧化排放,NO3-N浸,ET和WUE.

主要成果:

切换草的直接N2O排放量明显低于玉米.
由于地下生物质增加,土壤二氧化碳排放量在接下来的几年中在交换草中高出50%以上.
与玉米相比,成熟的交换草中酸盐-N浸减少了80%.
ET和WUE没有显著差异,但在干旱条件下,切换草显示WUE减少.

结论:

在没有对水文循环产生负面影响的情况下,可以实施商业规模的交换草种植.
切换草提供了通过酸盐-N浸和土壤N2O排放减少N损失的潜力.
增强的地下碳储存是交换草种植的一个主要好处.

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