与视觉转换器模型集成的元启发式优化器,通过多式联络COVID-19图像进行严重性检测和分类
V Padmavathi1, Kavitha Ganesan2
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, CEG Campus, Anna University, Chennai, 600025, India.
Scientific reports
|April 22, 2025
概括
一个新的混合AI框架准确地从X射线和CT扫描中分类COVID-19的严重程度. 这种先进的模型,使用视觉转换器和优化,为自动疾病检测提供了一个可扩展的解决方案.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 准确的COVID-19严重程度分类对于有效的患者管理和资源分配至关重要.
- 分析医学图像的传统方法,如X射线和CT扫描,可能是耗时和主观的.
- 对自动化,高效和准确的诊断工具的需求在管理大规模健康危机时至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一种新的混合框架,用于使用胸部X射线 (CXR) 和计算机断层扫描 (CT) 扫描来分类COVID-19的严重程度.
- 将视觉转换器 (ViT) 与元启发式优化技术集成,以提高特征提取和分类准确度.
- 将拟议框架的性能与传统的基于卷积神经网络 (CNN) 的方法进行比较.
主要方法:
- 一个混合框架,将视觉变压器 (ViT) 与灰狼优化器 (GWO) 结合起来,用于超参数调整和粒子群优化 (PSO) 进行特征选择.
- 利用ViT的自我注意力机制,从CXR和CT扫描中提取全球和本地图像特征.
- 实施多阶段分类策略,以区分正常,轻度,中度和严重的COVID-19病例.
主要成果:
- 该GWO_ViT_PSO_MLP模型实现了高精度:99.14%的2类CXR分类和98.89%的2类CT分类.
- 在二进制分类任务中表现优于ResNet34 (84.22%) 和VGG19 (93.24%) 等传统的CNN模型.
- 在多级严重程度分类中表现出卓越的表现,特别是在区分轻度和中度的COVID-19病例中.
结论:
- 拟议的混合框架为COVID-19严重程度分类的准确性和计算效率提供了显著的改进.
- 该模型显示了作为在临床环境中自动检测和严重性评估的可扩展和可靠工具的潜力.
- 这种方法促进了人工智能的应用在传染病管理的医学成像中.
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