通过口头反增强体育技能的学习
Tomasz Niźnikowski1, Paweł Arnista2, Jerzy Sadowski1
1Department of Gymnastics, Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Biała Podlaska, Poland.
Frontiers in sports and active living
|April 23, 2025
概括
对关键元素的反显著改善了体操运动员在平衡梁上的回转后转. 专注于口头反的关键方面,而不是所有的错误,提高了运动技能的获得和表现.
科学领域:
- 获得运动技能 获得运动技能
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 有效的反对于运动技能学习至关重要.
- 之前的研究探讨了各种反策略,以提升技能.
- 对于复杂的体操技能的最佳反方法仍然是一个研究领域.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定口头反对关键元素的有效性与对所有错误的反,以学习在平衡梁上的回转倒跳.
- 为了比较两个不同的反策略对体操技能的表现和稳定性的影响.
主要方法:
- 16名女体操运动员被随机分配到两个组:关键元素反 (FKE) 或所有错误反 (FAE).
- 参与者学会了在平衡梁上进行圆形后翻跳,并稳定着陆.
- 绩效是根据评委的分数进行评估的,统计分析是使用混合ANOVA和Welch t测试.
主要成果:
- 根据教学方法 (组 x 时间交互) 的表现发现了显著的差异 (p < 0.05).
- 与FAE组相比,FKE组在实验结束时获得了比FAE组更高的评审平均分.
- 在技能的准备,主要和最后阶段确定了关键元素.
结论:
- 针对关键元素的有针对性的口头反可以增强在平衡梁上的回转后转跳的学习.
- 减少反频率并专注于关键错误比解决所有错误更有好处.
- 教练可以通过对关键错误提供战略性反来优化训练,以提高绩效.
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