糖基化受体结合域向性粘膜疫苗可以预防SARS-CoV-2 Omicron和MERS-CoV
Xiaoqing Guan1, Abhishek K Verma2, Qian Liu1
1Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
Vaccines
|April 23, 2025
概括
一种新的粘膜疫苗结合了SARS-CoV-2和MERS-CoV的受体结合域,可以引起广泛的免疫力. 这种鼻腔注射疫苗提供了对多种冠状病毒变体和MERS-CoV的持久保护,减少了小鼠病毒肺部标位.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 致病性冠状病毒 (CoV),包括MERS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2,导致人类严重疾病.
- 开发粘膜疫苗对于防止呼吸道病毒进入和复制至关重要.
- 受体结合域 (RBD) 的甘氨酸掩盖是一种提高亚单元疫苗疗效的策略.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估一种新的糖化粘膜子单元疫苗.
- 这种疫苗结合了来自SARS-CoV-2 (野生型和Omicron-XBB.1.5) 和MERS-CoV. 5的RBD.
- 评估粘膜免疫力,中和活性和交叉保护.
主要方法:
- 内注射一种三RBD蛋白合剂疫苗.
- 对IgA和IgG抗体反应的评估.
- 在小鼠中测试对SARS-CoV-2 (WT,Omicron-XBB.1.5) 和MERS-CoV挑战的中和和保护.
主要成果:
- 这三种RBD疫苗诱导了针对多种CoV的耐用IgA和IgG抗体.
- 鼻腔内接种的疫苗中和了SARS-CoV-2 (WT,Omicron-XBB.1.5) 和MERS-CoV. 这两种病毒.
- 接种疫苗的小鼠在与SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-XBB.1.5和MERS-CoV. 5的挑战后显示病毒肺部标位降低.
结论:
- 设计有效的粘膜子单元疫苗的独特策略.
- 该疫苗诱导持久的粘膜免疫力和交叉中和活性.
- 显示了开发针对各种呼吸道病原体的粘膜疫苗的潜力.
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