青春期女孩第一次出现神经性厌食症的大脑形态
Janneke S P Kovoor1, Katrien F M Bracké1,2, Tonya White3
1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
European child & adolescent psychiatry
|April 23, 2025
概括
患有神经性厌食症 (AN) 的年轻女孩表现出前额和皮层灰质体积的减少,即使体重不足. 营养不良影响AN脑发育的早期阶段,突出了对纵向研究的需要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 神经性厌食症 (AN) 是一种与严重的身体和心理后果相关的饮食障碍.
- 以前的研究表明,慢性AN的成年人灰色和白质体积减少.
- 目前尚不清楚这些大脑变化是否存在于青少年AN早期阶段.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查青少年女孩第一次出现神经性厌食症 (AN) 的大脑灰色和白质量.
- 为了比较体重不足 (undAN) 和重量恢复 (restAN) AN组和典型发育 (TD) 对照组之间的大脑结构.
- 探索大脑体积和AN的临床症状之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 结构磁共振成像 (T1加权) 用于评估整个大脑体积.
- 58名首次出现AN的青少年和63名年龄,性别和教育匹配的TD对照参与了研究.
- 患有AN的参与者根据BMI-SDS.被归类为体重不足 (undAN) 或体重恢复 (restAN) 基于BMI-SDS.
主要成果:
- 与TD对照组相比,undAN组在总和皮质灰质体积上表现出显著的减少.
- 灰质的减少主要观察到在额叶和叶皮层.
- 在大脑体积和BMI-SDS或饮食障碍症状严重程度得分 (EDE,EDI-3) 之间没有发现显著的相关性.
结论:
- 青少年早期体重不足的神经性厌食症与前额和顶部区域灰质体积的减少有关.
- 营养不良似乎影响大脑发育,即使在AN的初始阶段.
- 需要进一步的纵向研究来了解AN对大脑发育及其临床表现的长期影响.
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