一个随机临床试验
A Eden Evins1,2, Corinne Cather1,2, Harrison T Reeder2,3
1Center for Addiction Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
JAMA
|April 23, 2025
概括
在与行为辅导相结合时,瓦伦尼克林显著增加了青少年和年轻成年人的戒烟率. 这种疗法为年轻人提供了一个有前途的新选择,
科学领域:
- 青少年和年轻人的健康
- 药物治疗成
- 药物使用障碍的药物治疗
背景情况:
- 在青少年和年轻人中使用电子烟 (vaping) 非常普遍.
- 很少有基于证据的戒烟治疗方法适用于这一群体.
- 尼古丁电子烟对年轻人的健康构成重大风险.
研究的目的:
- 评估瓦雷尼克林在促进年轻人戒烟方面的有效性.
- 在一项随机临床试验中比较瓦雷尼克林与安慰剂和增强的常规护理.
- 提供有关青少年和年轻成年人戒烟治疗方案的数据.
主要方法:
- 一个3组随机临床试验,涉及261名年龄在16-25岁之间的参与者,他们每天吸食尼古丁.
- 干预包括12周的瓦雷尼克林或安慰剂,两者结合行为咨询和短信支持.
- 第三组接受了增强的常规护理 (仅提供短信支持).
- 在12周和24周通过生物化学验证的持续吸烟戒断来评估结果.
主要成果:
- 与安慰剂相比,瓦伦尼克林的持续吸烟禁忌率显著提高 (28% vs 7% 在24周).
- 与常规治疗相比,瓦伦尼克林的戒断率也更高 (28% vs 4% 在24周).
- 药物一般耐受良好,因不良事件而停止使用的几率较低.
结论:
- 当与行为辅导一起使用瓦伦尼克林时,对于那些不经常吸传统香烟的年轻人来说,它是一种有效的治疗方法.
- 这一发现支持使用瓦雷尼克林作为青少年和年轻成年人戒烟的可行药物治疗方案.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索长期疗效和更广泛的实施策略.
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