塑料中的压力诱导相位分离驱动无形聚合物微污染物的释放到水中
Dunzhu Li1,2,3, Peijing Li4, Yunhong Shi5
1Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, China. lidunzhu@zafu.edu.cn.
Nature communications
|April 23, 2025
概括
像聚烯这样的塑料中的残余应力导致内部滴滴分离,导致暴露在水中的新型无形聚合物微污染物 (APMP) 的形成.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
背景情况:
- 半晶体塑料如聚烯和聚乙烯固有的残余应力.
- 剩余应激在产生塑料污染物的作用尚不清楚.
- 塑料污染对环境和健康构成重大风险.
研究的目的:
- 研究塑料中的残留应力导致塑料污染物的形成的机制.
- 了解驱动无形聚合物微污染物 (APMP) 分离和释放的物理过程.
主要方法:
- 利用挤压流模拟来模拟聚合物中压力驱动的体积流.
- 研究了聚合物流量的温度和应力依赖性.
- 分析了从分离的聚合物滴中形成的微污染物的特性.
- 检查了塑料瓶,以确定负责APMP释放的地区.
主要成果:
- 加工引起的压力余应力驱动低分子量无形聚合物滴滴的分离到聚烯和聚乙烯的表面.
- 应力驱动的流动表现为宾汉塑料,具有温度依赖的收益应力,并且是热激活和应力依赖的.
- 这些分离的水滴在水中形成无形聚合物微污染物 (APMP),与传统的微塑料不同.
- 塑料瓶的高度压缩区域,如子和口腔,是APMP释放的主要来源.
结论:
- 剩余应激是塑料降解的新机制的一个关键因素,产生独特的无形聚合物微污染物.
- 目前的塑料加工方法可能无意中促进这些污染物的形成.
- 修改塑料加工以减少残留压力对于减轻APMP生成和塑料污染至关重要.
相关概念视频
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity
2.7K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
2.7K
Plastic Behavior
175
A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
175
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters
2.2K
The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
2.2K
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity
2.3K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
2.3K
Polymer Classification: Architecture
2.6K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
2.6K
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes
7.6K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
7.6K


