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相关概念视频

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
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Stereotype Content Model02:16

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The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
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According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
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The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.
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People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
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Updated: May 10, 2025

The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies
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The Joint Effect of Social Comparison and Social Distance on Evaluation of Intertemporal Choice Outcomes in Event-related Potential Studies

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在判断集体诉讼时使用双重标准.

Nils K Reimer1, Marija Branković2, Iniobong Essien3

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara.

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概括

人们在判断基于社会阶级,种族或性别的抗议活动时并不总是表现出偏见. 相反,意识形态对齐影响了人们对抗议的接受度的看法,进步派倾向于与他们的观点相匹配的原因.

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科学领域:

  • 社会心理学 社会心理学
  • 政治心理学 政治心理学
  • 集体行动研究 集体行动研究

背景情况:

  • 集体行动对于社会变革至关重要,但经常面临关于可接受策略的争议.
  • 之前的研究表明,在评估基于群体身份或原因的抗议行动时,可能存在双重标准.

研究的目的:

  • 调查观察员在判断抗议行动的可接受性时是否采用双重标准.
  • 检查社会阶级,种族和性别对集体行动评估的影响.
  • 探讨意识形态对齐在人们对抗议活动可接受性的看法中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 开发了一个仪器测量25个有争议的抗议行动使用项目响应理论.
  • 对2776名参与者进行了三项预先注册的实验,评估抗议的可接受性.
  • 分析了与社会阶级,种族和性别相关的群体内偏见以及意识形态影响的数据.

主要成果:

  • 在评判抗议活动时,没有发现关于社会阶级,种族或性别的群体内偏见的一致证据.
  • 进步的参与者认为,当抗议与他们的意识形态 (工人权利,削减警察资金,反对堕胎限制) 相一致时,抗议活动更容易被接受.
  • 保守派参与者对限制堕胎的抗议活动表现出一些接受,但发现所有与警察有关的抗议活动同样不可接受.

结论:

  • 意识形态对齐,而不是基于社会阶级,种族或性别的群体内偏见,显著塑造了对抗议可接受性的判断.
  • 这些发现挑战了简单的群内偏见模型,并突出了政治意识形态在评估社会运动中的作用.
  • 了解这些分裂的反应对于理解社会运动和论的动态至关重要.