糟糕的心理社会工作环境:退休的门票? 根据性别和教育程度的差异
Harpa S Eyjólfsdóttir1,2, Tale Hellevik3, Katharina Herlofson3
1Aging Research Center (ARC), Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. harpa.eyjolfsdottir@ki.se.
European journal of ageing
|April 24, 2025
概括
糟糕的工作条件增加了老年工人离开工作的可能性. 推迟退休的干预措施应解决工作压力和资源中的性别和教育差异.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 劳动社会学工作的社会学.
- 职业健康心理学 职业健康心理学
背景情况:
- 许多国家实施政策延长工作寿命和推迟退休.
- 心理社会工作条件是老年工人保持就业的潜在动机.
- 关于心理社会因素对退休决策影响的性别和社会经济差异存在知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查心理社会工作特征对老年工人退出就业的影响.
- 通过性别和教育程度来检查这些影响的变化.
- 为政策和干预措施提供信息,旨在使老年工人留在劳动力市场.
主要方法:
- 利用了挪威生命历程,衰老和世代 (NorLAG) 研究 (2007年,2017年) 的数据.
- 将调查数据与后续年份的收入登记数据联系起来.
- 采用时间到事件分析,包括按性别和教育分层的交互分析.
主要成果:
- 一个较差的心理社会工作环境显著增加了就业退出的可能性.
- 诸如低自主性 (女性),高职业压力,低职业多样性,缺乏欣赏,学习有限,工作资源差,工作压力 (男性) 等具体因素是显著的.
- 在学习机会和就业资源方面注意到性别差异;在互动分析中,教育成就差异并不显著.
结论:
- 推迟退休的干预措施必须考虑到心理社会工作因素中的性别和社会经济差异.
- 加强老年员工对任务的控制,并确保公平获得学习和资源至关重要.
- 需要量身定制的战略来支持老年工人继续参与劳动力市场.
相关概念视频
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
89.6K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
89.6K
Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adulthood
22
Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development outlines a series of stages through which individuals progress across the lifespan. Each stage involves a psychosocial conflict that significantly influences personal growth and well-being. Three key stages — intimacy versus isolation, generativity versus stagnation, and integrity versus despair — highlight the developmental challenges faced in adulthood.
Intimacy Versus Isolation in Early Adulthood
Individuals in early...
Intimacy Versus Isolation in Early Adulthood
Individuals in early...
22
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
15
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
15
Stress and Mental Health
50
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
50
Psychological Responses to Stress
25
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
25
Depressive Disorders: Etiology
17
Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
17


