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肠道微生物组可以增强乳腺癌免疫疗法,在减肥手术后进行免疫治疗

Margaret S Bohm¹, Sydney C Joseph², Laura M Sipe³

¹Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC), Memphis, United States of America.

|April 24, 2025

概括

减肥手术通过改变肠道细菌来增强癌症免疫疗法. 手术后患者的便移植改善了瘤反应和免疫疗法的有效性,突出了微生物代谢物的作用,如分支链氨基酸 (BCAA).

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
微生物学微生物学
在瘤学瘤学.

背景情况:

腹腔外科手术与更好的乳腺癌 (BC) 结果和在临床前模型中改善的免疫治疗反应有关.
肠道微生物组是减肥手术保护作用的潜在媒介.

研究的目的:

调查肠道微生物组在调解减肥手术对免疫治疗反应影响中的作用.
为了确定负责增强抗癌免疫力的特定微生物代谢物.

主要方法:

便微生物群移植 (FMT) 从减肥手术治疗的小鼠和患者到接受小鼠.
在接受者小鼠中评估瘤负担和对αPD-1免疫疗法的反应.
微生物代谢物的分析,包括分支链氨基酸 (BCAA),以及它们与瘤微环境中的免疫细胞 (NKT) 的相关性.
用BCAA补充和评估BC模型中的免疫疗法的有效性.

主要成果:

与对照组相比,从腹部外科手术后的捐赠者获得的FMT显著改善了免疫治疗反应,并减少了瘤负担.
手术后的患者微生物移植在减少瘤负担和增强免疫治疗方面比手术前的移植更有效.
循环中的BCAA与增加的自然杀手T (NKT) 细胞透相关,并且被发现直接激活NKT细胞,促进抗瘤细胞因子的产生.
补充BCAA复制了减肥手术和FMT后观察到的增强免疫疗法的有效性.

结论:

肠道微生物组对于改善与减肥手术相关的免疫治疗反应至关重要.
微生物衍生代谢物,特别是BCAA,通过激活NKT细胞,在增强抗瘤免疫力方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
准微生物代谢物,如BCAA,可能是改善癌症免疫治疗结果的策略.

关键词:

乳腺癌是什么? 乳腺癌是什么?癌症免疫疗法癌症免疫疗法免疫学免疫学免疫学微生物学微生物学肥胖问题肥胖问题在瘤学瘤学.

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