在日本临床环境中与人类研究人员进行定性主题分析中评估ChatGPT及其文化解释挑战:比较的定性研究
Kota Sakaguchi1, Reiko Sakama2, Takashi Watari3
1General Medicine Center, Shimane University Hospital, Izumo, Japan.
Journal of medical Internet research
|April 24, 2025
概括
聊天GPT-4显示了分析日本定性数据的希望,在描述性主题方面表现出色,但在文化细微差别方面扎. 在人工智能辅助的定性研究中,人类专业知识对于深度解释至关重要.
科学领域:
- 在社会科学中的人工智能.
- 质量健康研究 质量健康研究
- 对于非英语语言的自然语言处理.
背景情况:
- 定性研究对于理解人类经验至关重要,但传统上需要大量的时间.
- 人工智能 (AI),特别是像ChatGPT这样的大型语言模型,提供了提高定性数据分析的潜力.
- 现有的人工智能研究主要集中在英语数据集上,使得日本等非英语应用程序未被充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 评估ChatGPT-4在分析日本定性访谈数据方面的可行性,优势和局限性.
- 为了比较ChatGPT-4的性能与经验丰富的人类研究人员进行日本定性数据分析.
主要方法:
- 一项比较的定性研究分析了30个日本半结构面试成绩单.
- 聊天GPT-4和人类研究人员进行了主题分析,重点关注主题协议和解释深度.
- 方法包括NVivo用于数字化,代提示用于ChatGPT-4,以及由人类进行反射的主题分析,并补充了接地理论和框架方法.
主要成果:
- 聊天GPT-4在描述性主题上达成了80%以上的主题协议 (例如",个人体验神圣时刻").
- 业绩显著下降 (大约. 对于需要深层次的文化/情感解释 (例如"命运") 的主题,达成30%的共识.
- 在ChatGPT-4处理上下文依赖的日本语言和隐含的情感表达时发现了局限性.
结论:
- 聊天GPT-4可以作为一种辅助工具,用于识别日本定性数据中的描述性主题.
- 在定性分析中,人类专业知识对于解释文化和情感细微差别至关重要.
- 对于非英语语言,需要进一步开发人工智能,重点是可解释性,多语言数据集和道德考虑.
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