在剪接因子突变白血病中,错误剪接衍生的新抗原和相关的TCR
Won Jun Kim1, Edie I Crosse2, Emma De Neef3
1Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK), New York, NY, USA.
Cell
|April 24, 2025
概括
癌症突变会产生异常的RNA信息, 研究人员发现这些新抗原可以训练T细胞抗击白血病,
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 免疫学
- 分子生物学
- 癌症基因组学
背景情况:
- 在癌症中,RNA拼接因子的体质突变很常见,导致异常的mRNA异型.
- 这些拼接变化可以产生独特的瘤新抗原,
- 了解这些新抗原对于开发向癌症免疫疗法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在骨髓性恶性瘤中识别来自反复发生的RNA拼接变化的新抗原.
- 对这些结合衍生新抗原有反应性的T细胞受体 (TCR) 的分离和特征.
- 评估TCR工程T细胞针对具有特定拼接突变的白血病的潜力.
主要方法:
- 使用特征条形编码的主要基因相容性复合体 (MHC) 脱剂进行新抗原反应性TCR分离.
- 从健康的捐赠者,患有活跃骨髓性恶性瘤的患者和异构干细胞移植后收集的样本.
- 鉴定了TCR的工程T细胞,并评估了它们对癌细胞的识别和细胞毒性.
主要成果:
- 由白血病相关突变驱动的刻板印象拼接变化转换的真实新抗原.
- 检测到新抗原反应性CD8+T细胞在活跃的骨髓性恶性瘤患者中,表现出细胞毒性功能受损.
- 用针对SRSF2突变诱导的新抗原的TCRs进行工程化的T细胞显示出SRSF2突变白血病的特定识别和细胞毒性.
结论:
- 经常发生的RNA错误拼接事件是骨髓性白血病中可操作的公共新抗原的来源.
- 这些发现提供了基因重定向T细胞的概念证明,以准由RNA拼接变化引起的新抗原.
- 这种方法对具有拼接因子突变的癌症具有新的免疫治疗策略.
相关概念视频
RNA Splicing
55.7K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
55.7K
Alternative RNA Splicing
20.8K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
20.8K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons
11.3K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
11.3K
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
7.2K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
7.2K
Exon Recombination
3.5K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.5K
Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing
5.1K
5.1K


