系统性审查:怀孕中抗精神病药物治疗和儿童神经发育结果
概括
产前接触抗精神病药物可能会导致儿童的暂时运动延迟. 然而,经过调整后的分析表明,这种暴露后,在学龄儿童中,神经发育障碍的风险没有增加.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 心理药理学 心理药理学
背景情况:
- 抗精神病药物经常被处方,包括怀孕期间.
- 孕妇对可能对儿童发育产生不良影响表示担忧.
- 虽然没有致病性,但在子宫内抗精神病药物暴露的长期神经发育影响需要彻底调查.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查现有文献,以确定子宫内抗精神病药物暴露是否会增加儿童神经发育不良结果的风险.
- 综合有关产前抗精神病药物暴露后认知,运动,行为,社会和精神病学的结果的证据.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Cochrane,Embase,PsycINFO) 进行了全面的系统搜索,查找到2024年9月7日发布的相关研究.
- 包括与对照组评估儿童神经发育结果的原始研究;病例报告,综述和临床前研究被排除在外.
- 研究质量和偏差风险使用纽卡斯尔-太华尺度 (NOS) 进行评估.
主要成果:
- 在1349项已识别的研究中,有16项符合审查的纳入标准.
- 八项关于运动发育的研究表明过渡性早期运动延迟,并没有持续到儿童后期.
- 评估神经发育障碍的七项研究发现,经过调整混因素后,风险没有显著增加,尽管最初的粗略估计表明了相反.
结论:
- 暂时的运动延迟可能与产前抗精神病药物暴露有关,这需要通过调整的分析进行进一步调查.
- 目前的证据表明,在调整混因子后,在学龄儿童中神经发育障碍的风险没有增加.
- 需要进行更长的随访研究,以最终评估与子宫内抗精神病药物暴露相关的长期神经发育风险.
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