孕期相关的微生物组变化被肥胖性饮食暴露破坏:对后代微生物组发育的影响
Kyoko Hasebe1, Michael D Kendig1,2, Nadeem O Kaakoush1
1School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia. m.morris@unsw.edu.au.
Food & function
|April 25, 2025
概括
怀孕期间高脂肪,高糖饮食会改变母亲和后代的肠道微生物群和新陈代谢. 后代表现出增加的脂肪和改变的肠道细菌,男性的影响持续时间更长.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 怀孕显著影响肠道微生物群.
- 肥胖饮食可能会混这些与怀孕相关的微生物组变化.
- 了解母亲的饮食对后代的影响对于代谢健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查高脂肪,高糖咖啡馆 (Caf) 饮食与对照饮食对孕妇和后代肠道微生物群组成和代谢参数在怀孕期间和之后的影响.
- 为了评估标准饮食中断奶的后代 (男性和女性) 的微生物组发育.
主要方法:
- 在整个怀孕和哺乳期内,老鼠被食Caf饮食或Cow饮食.
- 用多样性 (α和β) 和细菌丰富度来分析肠道微生物群的组成.
- 后代的代谢参数 (体重,脂肪,血瘦素,叶酸,B12) 和肠道微生物群在断奶 (3周) 和成年 (14周) 时被评估.
- 使用SourceTracker分析来比较微生物群落.
主要成果:
- 咖啡饮食的消费导致体重增加,肥胖,葡萄糖和瘦素增加,而女性的叶酸和B12水平较低.
- 虽然母体肠道微生物群在群体中显示出Firmicutes丰度的一些变化,但Caf群体在怀孕期间没有表现出主要类型的显著变化.
- 由Caf养的母婴产生的后代在断奶时具有更高的脂肪和瘦素,这些影响在14周的男性中持续存在.
- 母亲的Caf饮食诱导了断奶婴儿肠道微生物群的明显β多样性,但不是α多样性.
- 与Chow后代相比,Caf断奶婴儿的血叶酸含量较低,B12含量较高.
- 孕产妇的叶酸水平与特定的孕产妇和婴儿肠道细菌 (Romboutsia,Lactobacillus) 有积极的相关性.
- SourceTracker揭示了Chow和Caf断奶婴儿的独特微生物起源,这与母体肠道微生物群分别在哺乳期和怀孕期间有关.
- 母亲Caf饮食对标准饮食养的成年后代肠道微生物群的长期影响很小.
结论:
- 孕妇在怀孕期间食用肥胖性饮食会显著改变孕妇的新陈代谢状态,并导致后代脂肪和肠道微生物组合的持久变化,这在男性中尤为明显.
- 孕期和哺乳期的母体肠道微生物组合可能会影响后代微生物组的发育.
- 针对孕产妇营养的干预措施,特别是叶酸摄入量,可能对减轻在子宫内暴露于肥胖性饮食的后代的不良代谢和微生物结果很重要.
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