衰老和价值对情绪反应抑制的影响:从新的停止信号任务中得出的结论
Jill D Waring1, Stephanie N Hartling1
1Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Frontiers in psychology
|April 25, 2025
概括
与年轻人相比,老年人表现出较低的响应抑制效率. 然而,对于情感图像的停止表现并没有因年龄而异,这表明老龄化在情感背景下会对认知控制产生不同的影响.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 情绪和认知在整个生命过程中相互作用,衰老影响两者.
- 衰老与认知控制的下降有关,但情绪调节的改善.
- 老龄化对在情感环境中抑制反应的影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究衰老如何影响对情绪刺激的反应抑制.
- 为了比较年长和年轻的成年人停止对愉快和不愉快图像的反应的能力.
- 探索衰老,情绪和反应控制之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 使用情感 (愉快/不愉快) 和中性图像开发了一个新的停止信号任务.
- 参与者 (年长和年轻的成年人) 执行了任务,对"开始"刺激做出反应,并抑制对"停止"信号的反应.
- 情感图像在特定块中充当与任务相关的停止线索,而其他图像则充当"启动"刺激.
主要成果:
- 较年长的成年人表现出反应抑制 (停止) 的效率低于年轻的成年人.
- 停止表现在任何年龄组的愉快和不愉快的图像之间都没有区别.
- 老龄化和情绪在响应执行过程中显著相互作用,老年人对不愉快的"走"图像的准确性较低.
结论:
- 响应抑制效率随着年龄的增长而下降,但这种下降不受情绪价值调节.
- 老龄化与情绪相互作用,特别是响应执行,而不是响应抑制,对于情绪场景.
- 这项研究为与年龄相关的认知控制变化提供了新的见解,在情绪充满的情境中进行认知控制.
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