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[我们医院中百日咳病例的评估:五年分析]
Salim Yakut1, Arjen Ulaba1, Fadile Yildiz Zeyrek1
1Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Şanlıurfa.
百日咳病例,包括Bordetella百日咳和百日咳,已经显著增加,特别是在婴儿和幼儿中. 未接种疫苗的人面临更高的死亡风险,突出需要更新的疫苗接种策略.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 由Bordetella pertussis和Bordetella parapertussis引起的百日咳仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 最近的趋势表明,全球百日咳的复苏,需要更新的流行病学数据.
研究的目的:
- 分析被诊断患有Bordetella pertussis/parapertussis的患者的人口统计,季节性,临床和疫苗接种情况.
- 评估死亡率并确定与严重咳感染相关的风险因素.
- 评估COVID-19大流行对百日咳发病率的影响.
主要方法:
- 从2019年1月到2024年6月的患者数据的回顾性分析.
- 用多重聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 测试的鼻拭片用于检测波尔代特拉物种.
- 从医院信息管理系统收集有关患者人口统计,临床表现,疫苗接种状态和结果的数据.
主要成果:
- 总共有47例病例被确定 (34例B.百日咳,13例B.百日咳).
- 儿童患者,特别是六个月以下的儿童,占很大一部分 (41/47),ICU入院率和死亡率较高.
- 流行后观察到咳病例的显著增加,在2024年初翻一番;未接种疫苗的个人死亡率更高.
- 两例B.百日咳病例导致死亡,这表明可能出现严重的结果,并质疑B.百日咳疫苗接种的交叉保护.
结论:
- 百日咳病例显著增加,婴儿和未接种疫苗的人群死亡率有所上升.
- Bordetella parapertussis感染可能是严重的和致命的,目前的疫苗可能无法提供完整的交叉保护.
- 加强疫苗接种计划和监测百日咳流行病学对于疾病控制至关重要.
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