人工甜味剂:肠道微生物组的双刃剑
Helal F Hetta1, Nizar Sirag2, Hassabelrasoul Elfadil1
1Division of Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.
Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 25, 2025
概括
人工甜味剂 (NNS) 可能会破坏肠道微生物群,可能减少有益细菌,增加有害细菌. 人类研究显示出混合的结果,突出了关于NNS安全性和肠道健康的更多研究的需要.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 人的肠道微生物群对整体健康至关重要.
- 人工甜味剂,或非营养甜味剂 (NNS),越来越多地审查它们对肠道微生物平衡的影响.
- 了解NNS-肠道微生物群相互作用对于饮食指导至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合目前关于NNS和肠道微生物组之间的关系的证据.
- 突出与NNS消费相关的潜在好处和风险.
- 强调为安全有效使用NNS进行有针对性的研究的必要性.
主要方法:
- 使用PubMed和谷歌学者进行了全面的文献综述.
- 搜索了关于人工甜味剂和肠道微生物群的研究.
- 使用的关键词:肠道微生物群,肠道微生物群,eubiosis,dysbiosis,人工甜味剂,非营养甜味剂.
主要成果:
- 对肠道微生物群的NNS影响是不一致的;动物研究表明有益细菌减少 (例如Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus) 和有害细菌增加 (例如Clostridium difficile,E. coli).
- 在动物模型中观察到短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 生产和肠道激素信号的中断.
- 人类研究表明变化较轻或不显著,这表明由于研究设计,剂量和甜味剂类型的变化,将动物发现转化为人类的局限性.
结论:
- NNS提供诸如减少热量摄入量和改善血糖控制等好处.
- 有关NNS对肠道微生物群健康的影响存在担忧,包括减少有益细菌和增加致病菌株.
- 在SCFA生产和代谢途径中出现的障碍凸显了饮食和肠道健康之间的复杂联系,因此在NNS消费方面需要谨慎.
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