情绪识别技能从童年到青春期的发展
Marialucia Cuciniello1, Terry Amorese1, Carl Vogel2
1Department of Psychology, Università degli studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", CE 81100 Caserta, Italy.
概括
面部情绪识别随着年龄的增长而改善,女性通常表现出更高的准确性. 幸福,惊喜和愤怒是最被认可的,而恐惧是最不被认可的,在整个童年,青春期和青春期.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 面部情绪识别对于社交互动至关重要.
- 了解情感感知中的发育变化是发展心理学的关键.
- 以前的研究表明,在情感识别方面,年龄和性别存在差异,但对特定的发育轨迹知之甚少.
研究的目的:
- 通过儿童,青春期和青春期检查静态面部情感识别的发展轨迹.
- 为了研究情感识别准确度的性别差异.
- 探索情感类型和面部表情种族如何影响识别准确度.
主要方法:
- 这是一项涉及301名年龄在7~19岁的意大利参与者的横截面研究.
- 使用儿童情感面部表情 (CAFE) 数据库进行在线情感解码任务.
- 对六种基本情绪 (愤怒,厌恶,恐惧,快乐,悲伤,惊喜) 的识别准确性的分析以及跨年龄组,性别和面部表情种族的中立性.
主要成果:
- 总体来说,情感识别的准确性随着年龄的增长而增加.
- 女性参与者在情感识别方面通常表现优于男性参与者.
- 幸福,惊喜和愤怒被认定最准确;恐惧被认定最不准确.
- 青少年比儿童更好地识别厌恶;青春期前的青少年对中立的认识较差.
- 性差异的认知因情感和表达者的性别而异.
- 面部表情种族对识别的影响在各个情绪之间有很大差异.
结论:
- 面部情绪识别能力从童年到青春期经历了显著的发展.
- 性影响情感识别,女性通常表现出优势,但具体模式因情感和表达者的性别而异.
- 情感类型和面部表情的种族相互作用,影响识别准确度,突出了情感感知发展的复杂性.
相关概念视频
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
22
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
22
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
26
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
26
02:34Empathy
9.5K
Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor.
9.5K
01:28Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Childhood
15
Erik Erikson, a stage theorist, adapted Freud's theory to emphasize social factors in personality development throughout life, a concept known as psychosocial development. Unlike Freud, who focused on early childhood, Erikson believed that personality evolves across eight life stages, each marked by a specific challenge or "crisis." Successful resolution of each stage fosters competence, while failure may lead to feelings of inadequacy.
The first four of Erikson's eight...
The first four of Erikson's eight...
15
01:20Labeling Emotion
68
Emotional labeling is a cognitive process that involves identifying and naming one's emotions, such as anger, fear, happiness, or sadness. It allows individuals to recognize and express their internal emotional states, a critical aspect of emotional regulation and communication. Labeling emotions requires more than mere recognition; it also involves drawing upon memory and contextual cues to understand the current situation and apply a corresponding emotional label. For instance, feeling...
68
01:19Self-Concept
15
Self-concept is the cognitive and emotional understanding individuals hold about their identity. It evolves through various developmental stages, beginning in infancy and maturing as children grow. This concept influences how individuals perceive their abilities, interact with others, and manage challenges throughout life.
Infancy and Emerging Recognition
During infancy, self-concept is virtually nonexistent. Babies do not distinguish themselves as separate entities and often mistake their...
Infancy and Emerging Recognition
During infancy, self-concept is virtually nonexistent. Babies do not distinguish themselves as separate entities and often mistake their...
15