了解认知能力和数学焦虑在青少年数学成绩中的作用
Lorenzo Esposito1, Irene Tonizzi1, Maria Carmen Usai1
1DISFOR, University of Genoa, Corso Andrea Podestá, 2, 16121 Genova, Italy.
Journal of Intelligence
|April 25, 2025
概括
这项研究发现,高阶认知能力显著影响七年级学生的数学成绩. 数学焦虑通过工作记忆间接影响数学表现,这表明减少焦虑的干预措施可能会促进学业成功.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 对数学成绩中的认知和情绪因素的研究广泛,但它们对儿童的综合影响仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解这些共同的角色对于开发有效的教育干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究认知能力和数学焦虑对七年级儿童数学成绩的综合影响.
- 探索工作记忆和抑制控制在数学焦虑和数学表现之间的关系中的中介作用.
主要方法:
- 一个由135名七年级学生 (54%男性,平均年龄12.79) 组成的样本参与了调查.
- 数学成绩通过纸和笔测试进行评估.
- 用PMA测试测量高阶认知能力,通过跨度任务测量工作记忆,通过Stroop,Flanker和Simon任务测量抑制控制.
- 通过使用AMAS问卷来评估数学焦虑.
主要成果:
- 认知能力相互积极相关,与数学焦虑负相关.
- 高级认知能力强烈预测了数学成绩 (β = 0.44,p < .001).
- 工作记忆调解了数学焦虑和数学表现之间的关系 (β = -0.04,95% CI [-0.11; -0.00]),而抑制控制没有显著作用 (β = -0.03,95% CI [-0.08; 0.00]).
结论:
- 认知能力是青少年数学成绩的关键预测因素.
- 减少数学焦虑可以通过积极影响工作记忆来提高数学表现.
- 针对数学焦虑的有针对性的干预措施可以提高数学学术成果.
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