不同范围的负荷对物理表现的影响使用基于速度的阻力训练
Javier Riscart-López1,2, Juan Sánchez-Valdepeñas3, Fernando Colomina-Clemens3
1Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 25, 2025
概括
更广泛的训练负载可以提高整体力量的增加,而更窄的训练负载可以提高冲刺的性能. 教练可以定制负载范围以根据比赛时间表优化适应.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 阻力训练的相对负载的最佳范围 (%1RM) 尚未得到很好的定义.
- 了解负载范围对于最大化强度和性能适应至关重要.
- 基于速度的阻力训练 (VBT) 提供了一种精确的方法来控制和研究负载范围.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较不同相对负载范围 (50-85%,55-75%,60-70% 1RM) 对体力表现的影响.
- 通过使用VBT来研究力量,速度和冲刺表现的适应.
- 为了确定特定的负载范围是否为不同的性能指标带来更好的结果.
主要方法:
- 38名男性参加了使用VBT进行为期8周的全 (SQ) 抵抗训练计划.
- 参与者被随机分配到三个具有不同负载范围的组 (R50-85,R55-75,R60-70).
- 训练涉及相似的平均相对强度 (65% 1RM) 和总体体积 (240次重复);性能通过1RM,平均速度 (AV),AV>1 m/s,AV<1 m/s,反运动跳跃 (CMJ) 和冲刺时间 (T10,T20,T10-20) 进行评估.
主要成果:
- 与R60-70组相比,R50-85组的平均速度 (AV) 显著增加.
- 所有组都显著改善了1RM,AV,AV>1,AV<1,CMJ高度.
- 在R60-70组中,冲刺时间 (T10-20和T20) 显著改善,而在R50-85组中没有观察到这种情况.
结论:
- 不同的负载范围导致不同的强度和性能适应.
- 更广泛的负载范围 (例如,R50-85) 在整个负载速度谱中促进了更大的强度增长.
- 较窄的负载范围 (例如,R60-70) 可能更有利于增强高速行动,如冲刺.
- 训练负载范围的选择应考虑与时间相关的标准和特定的绩效目标,例如与比赛的距离.
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