加拿大格拉姆阴性细菌抗菌耐药性的状况
Jeremy Li1, Andrew Walkty1,2, Philippe Lagacé-Wiens1,2
1Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada.
Tropical medicine and infectious disease
|April 25, 2025
概括
在加拿大,格拉姆阴性细菌的抗微生物耐药性正在上升,ESBL产生大肠杆菌和肺炎菌的发病率增加. 迫切需要对抗微生物药物的管理和感染控制,以保持有效的治疗方法.
科学领域:
- * 微生物学 微生物学
- * 传染病 传染病
- * * 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- *在过去二十年里,加拿大的格拉姆阴性细菌中抗微生物耐药性的增加.
- * 扩展谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBL) 产生大肠杆菌和肺炎菌的患病率从2007年至2016年间从3.5%增加到11.1%.
- * 增加卡巴胺使用量与产生卡巴胺酶的肠道细菌 (CPE) 的流行率日益增加之间的潜在联系,这些细菌现在在很大程度上是在国内获得的.
研究的目的:
- * 分析加拿大格拉姆阴性细菌耐药性的趋势.
- * 调查特定耐药生物体的流行情况,如ESBL生产者和CPE.
- * 突出抗菌素耐药性和加拿大有效治疗方法的可用性所带来的挑战.
主要方法:
- *对2007年至2016年加拿大格拉姆阴性细菌抗微生物耐药性数据的分析.
- *追踪产生ESBL的*大肠杆菌*和*肺炎菌*分离物的比例.
- * 监测产生卡巴酶的肠道细菌 (CPE) 和多药耐药性* 伪菌的流行情况.
主要成果:
- *产生ESBL的*大肠杆菌*和*肺炎菌*分离物显著增加.
- * 碳酶生成肠道细菌 (CPE) 的流行率越来越高,国内获取变得越来越普遍.
- * 多种药物耐药性的略有下降 * 假 aeruginosa * ,可能与减少诺基诺和氨基糖化物使用有关.
结论:
- * 格兰阴性细菌的抗微生物耐药性在加拿大越来越令人担忧.
- *许多关键的抗微生物药物,包括新型β-lactam/β-lactamase抑制剂,在加拿大没有.
- * 对抗微生物药物管理和感染控制的协调方法对于打击耐药性和保持抗生素疗效至关重要.
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