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相关概念视频

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:26

Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

1.8K
The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
1.8K
Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation01:12

Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation

2.0K
Some cycloaddition reactions are activated by heat, while others are initiated by light. For example, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between two ethylene molecules occurs only in the presence of light. It is photochemically allowed but thermally forbidden.
2.0K
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

2.2K
Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
2.2K
Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes02:41

Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes

12.6K
An alkene, such as propene, reacts with bromine in the presence of water to yield a halohydrin. Halohydrins contain a halogen and a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbons. When the halogen is bromine, it is called a bromohydrin, while a chlorohydrin has chlorine as the halogen.
12.6K
Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes: Hydrohalogenation02:35

Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes: Hydrohalogenation

9.7K
Electrophilic addition of hydrogen halides, HX (X = Cl, Br or I) to alkenes forms alkyl halides as per Markovnikov's rule, where the hydrogen gets added to the less substituted carbon of the double bond. Hydrohalogenation of alkynes takes place in a similar manner, with the first addition of HX forming a vinyl halide and the second giving a geminal dihalide.
9.7K
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

2.7K
Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
2.7K

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Determination of the Photoisomerization Quantum Yield of a Hydrazone Photoswitch
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Determination of the Photoisomerization Quantum Yield of a Hydrazone Photoswitch

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"点击"的水光电开关

Daniil Sosnin1, Mohammad Izadyar2, Syed Ali Abbas Abedi2

  • 16128 Burke Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 25, 2025
PubMed
概括

光交换机中的三链接器的连接性会影响光调节. 1,5-化显示出比1,4-化异构体,特别是C连接的更好的光开效率.

科学领域:

  • 材料科学
  • 有机化学
  • 摄影化学

背景情况:

  • 连接器的长度对光开关材料的性能有重要影响",零长度"连接器是光调节的理想选择.
  • 通过点击化学形成的1,2,3-triazole部分是常见的链接动机,但其对光开关的影响尚不清楚.
  • 对于设计先进的可光切换材料来说,了解三醇区域异构体效应至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 调查三醇连接性 (1,4对1,5) 对水光开关特性的影响.
  • 阐明三环的不同连接点 (N- vs C-连接) 如何影响光切换效率.
  • 在水系统中比较1,4-和1,5-triazole异构体的光切换性能.

主要方法:

  • 一系列含有三醇的光开关的合成.
  • 详细的结构属性分析.
  • 使用密度函数理论 (DFT) 和时间依赖 DFT (TD-DFT) 计算的计算建模.

主要成果:

  • 三醇连接器的连接性显著改变了光切换行为.
  • 与C连接的类似物相比,N连接的1,4-化具有较低的切换效率.
  • 1,5-酸显示出优越的整体光交换效率.

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High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
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High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

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A 'Plug and Play' Method to Create Water-dispersible Nanoassemblies Containing an Amphiphilic Polymer, Organic Dyes and Upconverting Nanoparticles
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A 'Plug and Play' Method to Create Water-dispersible Nanoassemblies Containing an Amphiphilic Polymer, Organic Dyes and Upconverting Nanoparticles

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Last Updated: May 10, 2025

Determination of the Photoisomerization Quantum Yield of a Hydrazone Photoswitch
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Determination of the Photoisomerization Quantum Yield of a Hydrazone Photoswitch

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High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
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High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

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A 'Plug and Play' Method to Create Water-dispersible Nanoassemblies Containing an Amphiphilic Polymer, Organic Dyes and Upconverting Nanoparticles
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A 'Plug and Play' Method to Create Water-dispersible Nanoassemblies Containing an Amphiphilic Polymer, Organic Dyes and Upconverting Nanoparticles

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结论:

  • 三连接是优化光开关性能的一个关键设计参数.
  • 在基于的光开关中,1,5-triazole异构体提供了增强的光调节能力.
  • 这项研究为合理设计具有定制性质的可光切换材料提供了宝贵的见解.