药物学与非药物学技术支持的戒烟干预措施的有效性和坚持:一个总体审查
Federica Di Spirito1, Maria Pia Di Palo1, Marina Garofano1
1Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 26, 2025
概括
非药理技术支持的戒烟干预措施的长期有效性与药理方法相美. 这些数字健康工具为想要戒烟的成年吸烟者提供了更高的坚持性和潜在的更低的成本.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 数字健康干预措施 数字健康干预措施
- 戒烟的方法 戒烟戒烟
背景情况:
- 戒烟对公共健康至关重要,促使人们开发技术支持的干预措施,以解决传统方法的局限性.
- 现有的干预措施面临着挑战,需要对持续戒烟的先进技术综合方法进行评估.
研究的目的:
- 进行一项综合性审查,评估技术支持的戒烟干预措施的长期有效性 (≥6个月).
- 为了比较成年日常吸烟者的技术支持的戒烟计划中的药理与非药理方法.
- 评估这些干预措施带来的相关人类健康益处.
主要方法:
- 在PROSPERO (CRD42024601824) 上注册的协议中,按照PRISMA指南进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括50个系统审查,使用AMSTAR-2工具进行批判性评估.
- 来自包括系统审查的数据的定性综合.
主要成果:
- 分析了来自69,269名吸烟者的数据 (39,367名药物,29902名非药物).
- 在6个月后,非药物干预显示了更高的坚持 (83.43%与41.37%) 与可比的连续戒断率 (CARs) 和七天流行点戒断 (PPA).
- 在12个月后,CAR相似 (9.06%vs. 9.08%) 尽管非药物组的遵守率较低,这表明遵守质量对于持续成功至关重要.
结论:
- 非药理技术支持的干预措施的长期有效性与药理选择相比,在6个月内具有更好的坚持性.
- 与药理学方法相比,这些干预措施在成本较低和持续时间较短方面具有潜在的优势.
- 坚持的质量和一致性可能是技术支持计划中持续戒烟成功的关键因素.
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