粮食安全和公共卫生的农林:全面审查
Daniel Roberto Jung1, Oduvaldo Vendrametto1
1Graduate Program in Production Engineering, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo 04026-002, Brazil.
概括
农林系统 (AFS) 通过将树木与农业相结合,提高粮食安全,公共卫生和环境可持续性. 需要进一步的研究来优化AFS的采用和有效性.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球粮食系统面临着粮食不安全,营养不良和气候变化等前所未有的挑战.
- 农林系统 (AFS) 通过将树木与作物和牲畜相结合,提供了一个可持续的解决方案.
- 了解AFS与粮食安全,健康和环境的复杂相互作用,对于有效的政策和实践至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 综合有关农林业如何将粮食安全,公共卫生和环境可持续性整合在一起的证据.
- 确定阻碍广泛采用和优化AFS的关键研究差距.
主要方法:
- 在Web of Science和Scopus中使用SPAR-4-SLR协议进行系统的文献搜索.
- 使用VosViewer进行主题分析和关键指标的定量综合.
- 对农业林业综合效益的现有证据进行全面审查.
主要成果:
- 农林系统显示出多方面的好处:增加饮食多样性,改善微量营养素摄入量 (例如,减少18%的维生素A缺乏症).
- 显著的环境优势包括碳捕获 (0.5-2 毫克碳/公/年),土壤侵蚀减少 (50-70%),气候适应性 (2-5 摄氏度冷却).
- 经济效益包括收入增长 (+40%) 和改善土壤健康.
结论:
- 农业林业为应对全球粮食系统挑战提供了一种可行,综合的方法.
- 关键的研究缺口包括纵向健康研究,气候与健康相互作用量化以及政策与健康整合策略.
- 进一步分析经济营养权衡和非物质利益对于优化AFS至关重要.
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