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Updated: May 10, 2025

Transformation of Organic Household Leftovers into a Peat Substitute
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Published on: July 9, 2019

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通过Rhizopus stolonifer固态发酵来增值可可豆皮:增强抗氧化活性

Patrick Barros Tiburcio1, Dão Pedro de Carvalho Neto2, Carlos Ricardo Soccol1

  • 1Department of Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 82590-300, Brazil.

Microorganisms
|April 26, 2025
PubMed
概括

可可豆 (CPH) 被转化为一种有价值的生物材料,使用固态发酵 (SSF) 与Rhizopus stolonifer. 这一过程增强了营养和抗氧化剂的特性,为各种行业创造了高价值的产品.

关键词:
可可豆 皮 皮 可可豆食品微生物学 食品微生物学固态发酵发酵的固态发酵方式可持续的生物技术可持续的生物技术

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Pozzolans01:21

Pozzolans

Pozzolans are siliceous or aluminous materials blended with Portland cement. They interact with the calcium hydroxide produced during the hydration of Portland cement and contribute to improved strength and durability of concrete. The pozzolanic activity, a measure of a pozzolan's effectiveness, is typically assessed using the strength activity index, as defined in ASTM C 618-93, which calculates the ratio of the compressive strength of cement mixtures with and without pozzolan.
Fly ash is...
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Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
The balance of water to cement in the mix is...
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Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate01:20

Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate

Aggregates contain pores of varying sizes; while some are completely enclosed within the particles, others open onto the surface, allowing water to penetrate. The porosity of aggregates is a major factor contributing to the overall porosity of concrete, given that aggregates constitute about three-quarters of concrete's volume.
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Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate01:10

Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate

The moisture content of aggregates is a crucial factor in construction, particularly in concrete mixing, as it influences the total water required in the mix. Moisture content represents the water coated on the exterior surface of the aggregate existing in a saturated and surface-dry condition. The total water content of a moist aggregate is the sum of its moisture content and water absorption.
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Additives and Fillers in Concrete01:29

Additives and Fillers in Concrete

Additives and fillers are integral to enhancing the properties of concrete. Pozzolans and blast-furnace slag are additives or admixtures due to their reactions with calcium hydroxide released during cement hydration. Fillers, which are finely ground and similar in fineness to Portland cement, improve concrete attributes such as workability density, and reduce capillary bleeding or cracking. Some fillers possess hydraulic properties or participate in benign reactions within the cement paste.
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Hydration of Cement01:24

Hydration of Cement

Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
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