认知中的口腔肠道微生物组-大脑轴
Noorul Ain Adil1,2, Christabel Omo-Erigbe1,2, Hariom Yadav1,2
1USF Center for Microbiome Research, Microbiomes Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Microorganisms
|April 26, 2025
概括
口腔微生物组失调有助于阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 通过促进炎症和破坏血脑屏障. 保持口腔健康和微生物平衡可能有助于降低AD风险并支持认知功能.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种进展性神经退行性疾病,影响全球数百万人.
- 口腔微生物群,一个复杂的生态系统,越来越多地被认为在认知健康中的作用.
- 口腔微生物组失调与全身炎症,血脑屏障破坏和神经炎症有关,这是AD病变的关键因素.
研究的目的:
- 通过口腔-大脑和口腔-肠-大脑轴,审查连接口腔微生物组失调与认知衰退的机制.
- 探索口腔病原体,毒性因子和代谢副产品在神经炎症中的作用.
- 检查生活方式和环境因素对口腔微生物多样性和认知结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 对调查口腔-大脑和口腔-肠-大脑轴的研究进行文献综述.
- 分析涉及口腔病原体 (如 Porphyromonas gingivalis) 的机制,毒性因子 (LPS,gingipains) 和微生物代谢物 (SCFA,peptidoglycan).
- 探索影响口腔微生物群和认知的外部因素 (饮食,卫生,吸烟,酒精).
主要成果:
- 口腔,肠道和大脑之间的双向通信通过神经,免疫和内分泌信号发生.
- 口腔病原体及其产物加剧神经炎症和全身免疫激活.
- 饮食,卫生和生活方式等因素显著影响口腔微生物组成和认知健康.
结论:
- 口腔微生物组在维持全身和神经健康方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 针对口腔微生物组的干预措施,如益生菌,益生菌和饮食变化,有望支持认知功能并降低AD风险.
- 需要进行进一步的纵向研究,才能充分了解口腔微生物组失生症对认知的长期影响.
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