葡萄牙小型反动物养殖场的生物安全实践:现状和未来方向
Maria Alavedra1,2, Dina Moura3, Beniamino Cenci-Goga4,5
1Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Veterinary sciences
|April 26, 2025
概括
由于农民人口统计,资源有限和基础设施不足,葡萄牙小型反动物养殖场的生物安全实施水平较低. 定制策略,教育和财政支持对于改善动物健康和农场可持续性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 动物健康管理 动物健康管理
- 农业经济学 农业经济学
背景情况:
- 生物安全对于疾病预防,动物福利和畜牧业的可持续性至关重要.
- 葡萄牙的小型反动物养殖场通常是小型,广泛的,家庭经营的,面临着诸如老龄化农民人口,有限的培训和经济限制等挑战.
- 低生物安全性实施对动物和公共健康构成风险,影响农村社区的可持续性.
研究的目的:
- 首次评估葡萄牙小型反动物养殖场的生物安全合规水平.
- 确定影响生物安全实践的社会人口因素.
- 为改善这一领域的生物安全提供基于证据的建议.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究,涉及对葡萄牙276名小反动物养殖者进行结构化采访.
- 利用9个生物安全类别的32个问题检查清单来评估农民的合规性.
- 数据收集发生在2023年7月至2024年4月之间.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,基本生物安全措施的执行不佳,特别是清洁,消毒,隔离和访客控制.
- 农场基础设施存在重大缺陷,包括缺乏隔离区和隔离设施.
- 农民的年龄,教育程度,群体规模和生产类型 (例如,乳制品) 影响了生物安全合规性,较大的农场表现出更好的做法.
结论:
- 标准化生物安全计划对小规模,广泛的农场是无效的; 区域和农场特定的战略是必要的.
- 加强农民教育,兽医支持和财政激励对于有效实施生物安全至关重要.
- 加强生物安全对于保护动物和公共健康以及确保葡萄牙农村社区的长期生存能力至关重要.
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