可靠的心电图异常检测在边缘设备上的医疗物联网应用程序
Moez Hizem1,2, Leila Bousbia1, Yassmine Ben Dhiab1
1Innov'COM Laboratory, Higher School of Communication of Tunis, University of Carthage, Tunis 1054, Tunisia.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 26, 2025
概括
微型机器学习 (TinyML) 能够在边缘设备上实时检测心电图异常. 这种方法优化了人工智能模型的低功耗,连续健康监测的高精度和最小的能源使用.
科学领域:
- 医学技术 医学技术 医学技术
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 嵌入式系统 嵌入式系统
背景情况:
- 资源有限的边缘设备限制了机器学习在医疗物联网 (IoMT) 中实时监控的部署.
- 通过心电图 (ECG) 分析进行持续的健康监测对于检测心律不整等异常至关重要.
- 现有的依赖云计算的解决方案面临着延迟,隐私和功耗等挑战.
研究的目的:
- 引入一种新的微型机器学习 (TinyML) 方法,用于在低功耗嵌入式系统上实时检测心电图异常.
- 为了证明在边缘设备上直接部署优化的AI模型的可行性,消除了对云连接的需求.
- 为了在模型准确性和资源利用之间实现平衡,以实现连续,长期的可穿戴健康监测.
主要方法:
- 在Raspberry Pi和Arduino等平台上,TinyML与边缘人工智能 (AI) 的集成.
- 在边缘设备上执行的工作流程的实现,包括数据预处理,特征提取和模型推理.
- 应用先进的优化技术,如模型修剪和量子化,以减少内存和功耗.
主要成果:
- 在边缘设备上成功部署优化的TinyML模型,以实时检测心电图异常.
- 在ECG异常检测方面获得了92.3%的准确性.
- 将功耗降低到0.024mW,从而实现节能,持续监控.
结论:
- 与边缘AI集成的TinyML提供了一个可行的解决方案,用于在资源有限的设备上实时进行医疗监控.
- 拟议的方法有效地检测出高精度和显著低功耗的心电图异常.
- 这一进步为下一代可穿戴健康技术和持续的患者监测铺平了道路.
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