儿童复发性侵袭性肺炎球菌病:一项回顾性队列研究,英格兰,2006年7月至2017年18日
Marta Bertran1, Fariyo Abdullahi1, Joshua C D'Aeth2
1Immunisation and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Division, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom.
The Journal of infection
|April 26, 2025
概括
复发性侵袭性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 在儿童中很少见,主要影响患有并发病的人. 高性肺炎球菌合疫苗 (PCVs) 在降低IPD复发风险方面表现有前途.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在儿童群体中,复发性侵入性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 不常见.
- 潜在的并发症经常与儿童的复发性IPD有关.
- 研究期间包括在英格兰引入7价值 (PCV7) 和13价值 (PCV13) 肺炎球菌合疫苗.
研究的目的:
- 评估儿童复发性IPD的发生率和风险因素.
- 描述患有复发性IPD的儿童的临床特征和结果.
- 评估肺炎球菌合疫苗对IPD复发率的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用2006/07至2017/18.18期间儿童 (<15岁) 实验室确认的IPD病例的增强国家监测数据.
- 评估复发风险,所涉及的血清型,人口统计,并发症状况,疫苗接种史,临床表现和结果.
- 将IPD复发病例与IPD单发病例进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在首次IPD发作后幸存下来的儿童中,有2.2%的儿童经历了至少一次复发.
- 在患有并发症 (10倍) 和免疫抑制 (30倍) 的儿童中,复发率明显高.
- 在PCV13引入后的所有复发病例都是由非PCV13血清型引起的,这表明疫苗的影响.
结论:
- 儿童复发性IPD很少见,主要与并发病,特别是免疫抑制有关.
- 高价值的PCV有潜力进一步降低儿科人口中复发性IPD的负担.
- 监测数据强调了接种疫苗和管理伴随性疾病在预防IPD复发方面的重要性.
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