晚期危及生命的疾病中的孤独:综合性审查
Carolyn Blair1, Tracey McConnell1, Natasha Bradley1
1School of Nursing and Midwifery (C.B., T.M-C, N.B., J.R.), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Journal of pain and symptom management
|April 26, 2025
概括
晚期疾病中的孤独是复杂的,受心理,社会和环境因素的影响. 干预措施应整合沟通,支持系统和社区参与,以有效缓解.
科学领域:
- 抚慰性护理是一种缓解性护理.
- 心理社会瘤学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 了解孤独对于为患有晚期危及生命的疾病的患者及其照顾者制定有效的支持性干预措施至关重要.
- 孤独的经历必须从受影响者的角度来理解.
研究的目的:
- 确定患有高级危及生命的疾病的成年人及其照顾者的孤独的原因,经历和影响.
- 确定可改变的因素,可以减轻这一群体的孤独感.
主要方法:
- 一个对六个数据库 (例如,CINAHL,Web of Science,Medline) 的系统审查,并补充了引文搜索 (2014年1月至2024年1月).
- 查和选择遵循PRISMA-ScR指南,数据在NVivo.管理.
- 用一种诱导方法和多种研究质量评估 (QuADS) 来进行合成.
主要成果:
- 包括19项观察性和6项干预性研究,揭示了孤独的多方面的原因,影响和结果.
- 确定了微层风险因素 (心理,存在) 和可修改因素 (沟通,交朋友).
- 中级 (物理,社会) 和宏观 (环境,社会) 的因素及其可修改的对应因素 (技术,社区参与) 也被详细介绍.
结论:
- 结合个人,社会和系统努力的综合方法是必要的,以解决晚期疾病中孤独的问题.
- 加强沟通,有针对性的干预,强大的支持系统和社区参与是关键策略.
- 未来的研究应该涉及患者和公众的参与,以确保有目的的研究设计.
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