为社区层面的老年友好社区制定指标:日本老年学评估研究
Satoko Fujihara1,2,3, Taiji Noguchi4,5, Kazushige Ide6
1Research Department Institute for Health Economics and Policy, Association for Health Economics Research and Social Insurance and Welfare, 1-21-19. Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 101-0001, Japan. fujihara.s0821@gmail.com.
BMC geriatrics
|April 26, 2025
概括
开发了一种新的17项指标来评估老年友好社区 (AFC),其中包括痴呆症友好元素. 该工具有助于评估和开发适合老年人和痴呆症患者的包容性环境.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社区发展 社区发展
背景情况:
- 老年友好社区 (AFC) 旨在促进老年人的包容性.
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 强调在AFC中考虑痴呆症,但很少有指标解决这个问题.
- 本研究探讨了需要一个社区一级的指标,整合痴呆症友好的方面.
研究的目的:
- 为年龄友好型社区 (AFC) 制定社区一级指标.
- 根据世卫组织的指导方针,将痴呆症友好元素纳入AFC指标.
- 测试开发的指标的有效性和可靠性.
主要方法:
- 一个重复的横截面设计,使用2016年和2019年日本老年学评估研究 (JAGES) 的数据.
- 根据世卫组织的指导方针和对痴呆症友好社区 (DFC) 的先前研究进行项目选择,随后进行专家咨询.
- 探索和确认因素分析 (EFA/CFA) 用于结构验证和可靠性测试.
主要成果:
- 完成了17项指标,包括三个分级:社会包容性和痴呆症友好性,社会参与和沟通以及年龄友好的身体环境.
- 亚尺度的内部一致性从α=0.78到0.86.6不等.
- 观察到足够的测试重复测试可靠性 (r=0.71-0.79;ICC=0.67-0.78),尽管CFA模型的合适性不令人满意.
结论:
- 成功开发了一种有效可靠的17项社区级指标,结合了与世卫组织一致的痴呆友好因素.
- 该指标作为监测,评估和比较在发展的AFC和DFC,特别是在老龄化社会中的一个有价值的工具.
- 该指标可适应在其他高收入国家使用,这些国家具有类似的社会结构和医疗保健系统.
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