在艾滋病毒和不健康物质使用同时发生的个体中进行的运动干预:系统性审查
Colleen B Mistler1, William Allen2, Alyssa A Grimshaw3
1Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 389 Whitney Ave, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA. colleen.mistler@yale.edu.
AIDS and behavior
|April 27, 2025
概括
运动干预措施有望改善艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 的健康状况,他们也在与不健康物质使用作斗争. 这一系统性审查发现,运动对艾滋病毒,物质使用,体力活动和生活质量产生积极影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究研究
背景情况:
- 不健康的物质使用和身体不活动是艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 发病率和死亡率的重要并发风险因素.
- 有限的基于证据的炼干预措施存在,这些干预措施同时针对PWH中的两个风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查有关不健康物质使用的PWH运动干预措施的现有文献.
- 评估这些干预措施对各种健康结果的有效性和可行性.
主要方法:
- 在七个数据库中进行了全面的文献搜索,搜索到2024年5月7日之前发表的相关文章.
- 包括的研究是随机对照试验 (RCT) 或涉及PWH (≥18年) 的准实验设计,其中包括不健康物质使用和运动组成部分.
- 数据提取和质量评估由两位研究人员独立使用标准化工具 (科克兰数据收集表格,乔安娜·布里格斯研究所批判性评估工具) 进行.
主要成果:
- 七项研究 (6项试点RCT,1项准实验) 符合纳入标准,主要在美国进行,样本规模小 (16-73名参与者).
- 干预措施包括监督培训,虚拟咨询的家庭计划,和太极拳与认知行为疗法相结合,每周进行一次,持续6-24周.
- 尽管异质,但运动干预措施与艾滋病毒状况,物质使用,体力活动水平,力量/跌倒风险,生活质量/压力和疼痛缓解的改善有显著相关性 (p < 0.05).
结论:
- 所有审查的研究都具有高质量,表明偏见风险,安全性和可行性低.
- 证据支持使用运动干预措施来增强不健康物质使用的PWH的多种健康结果.
- 由于研究异质性,需要使用更大的样本大小进行进一步的研究来证实这些发现.
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