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一个10年长度研究的肌肉形态和表现在大师短跑者

P W Hendrickse¹, B Hutz², M T Korhonen²

¹Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.

Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle

|April 28, 2025

概括

48-85岁的大师短跑者在10年内保持了肌肉特征. 然而,训练并没有防止由于力量产生能力减少而导致冲刺表现和功率下降.

科学领域:

运动生理学运动生理学
老年学是一门学科.
运动科学运动科学运动科学

背景情况:

衰老导致肌肉质量,力量和功率的损失.
在久坐不动和耐力训练的老年人中,已知与年龄相关的肌肉变化,但在冲刺运动员中却不那么明显.
大师短跑运动员的训练可以随着时间的推移保持肌肉力量,功能和形态.

研究的目的:

在10年的时间内调查大师短跑运动员肌肉形态,功能和表现的与年龄相关的变化.
为了确定大师短跑者是否会随着年龄的增长保持肌肉特征和性能.
为了探索训练和与年龄相关的肌肉变化在短跑者之间的关系.

主要方法:

在基线和10年后的24名短跑大师 (年龄在48-85岁) 的肌肉活检 (m. vastus lateralis).
评估的纤维类型组成,纤维横截面积 (FCSA) 和通过免疫光染色进行毛细化.
测量了巨大的侧面体厚度 (超声波),膝盖延伸最大自愿收缩 (MVC),反运动跳跃功率和60米冲刺时间.

主要成果:

10年后,FCSA,纤维类型组成,毛细化或VL厚度没有显著变化.
跳跃功率下降了9.5% (p < 0.001) 由于膝盖延伸MVC下降了21.0% (p < 0.001).
60米冲刺时间增加了14.2% (p < 0.001),老年参与者表现下降更大;与训练年或训练量无关的变化.

结论:

48-85岁的大师短跑者在10年内保持了肌肉组织学特征.
训练并没有抵消冲刺表现和功率的下降.
性能下降与力量产生能力的减少有关,而不是肌肉减速.

关键词:

在MVC中,MVC是MVC.年龄化的老龄化.缩性缩 (英语:Atrophy atrophy) 是一种损伤.毛细化是指毛细化.组织学组织学大师赛运动员运动员肌肉活组织活检肌肉活检业绩表现表现的表现表现是什么这是骨肌肉的骨架肌肉.短跑运动员的短跑者

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