身体活动对老年人群认知功能的影响:来自中国的证据
Xiao Chen1,2, Qishun Yang3, ZhiYun Liu1
1School of Sports Training, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China.
Frontiers in public health
|April 28, 2025
概括
定期的适度体力活动可以提高中国老年人的认知功能,改善记忆和回忆力. 然而,过度活动可能会损害认知能力,强调平衡运动对健康衰老的重要性.
科学领域:
- 老年学与公共卫生
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 认知能力下降是全球人口老龄化的一个重大问题.
- 越来越多地认识到体育活动在维持老年人的认知健康方面的作用.
- 了解体育活动强度及其认知影响的细微差别对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查体育活动对中国中年和老年人认知功能的影响.
- 检查不同强度的身体活动与认知功能之间的关系.
- 分析身体活动对特定认知领域的影响,包括记忆和回忆.
主要方法:
- 利用了2011-2018年中国健康与退休长度研究 (CHARLS) 27,529名参与者的数据.
- 使用多维固定效应估计和倾向性得分匹配 (PSM) 进行可靠的分析.
- 根据性别,居住地,家庭结构和婚姻状况进行异质性分析.
主要成果:
- 身体活动对中国中年和老年人的认知功能产生积极影响,增强心血管健康.
- 适度的体力活动显著改善了即时记忆和延迟回忆.
- 过度体力活动与认知功能受损有关,而结果在各个人口群体中保持一致.
结论:
- 身体活动有效地促进中年和老年人的认知功能改善,支持活跃衰老.
- 适度强度是关键;强烈的体力活动可能会对认知功能产生负面影响.
- 这些发现对于促进身体活动,延缓认知衰退和减少照顾者的负担至关重要.
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