非营养甜味剂对人类微生物群的影响
Katti R Crakes1, Lauren Questell1, Subah Soni1
1W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Immunometabolism (Cobham, Surrey)
|April 28, 2025
概括
非营养性甜味剂 (NNS) 对新陈代谢健康有不同的结果,一些研究将它们与通过肠道微生物组变化的负面影响联系起来. 个性化营养方法可以澄清NNS对健康的影响.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
- 代谢健康 代谢健康
背景情况:
- 非营养甜味剂 (NNS) 被广泛用于减少糖摄入量,但它们对代谢综合征和相关疾病的长期影响尚不清楚.
- 人类研究存在相互矛盾的证据,队列数据表明NNS可能导致代谢综合征,而随机对照试验显示出不同的结果.
- 世界卫生组织已经发布了反对使用NNS的有条件建议,强调需要更多的因果证据.
研究的目的:
- 审查关于NNS对肠道微生物群和代谢健康的影响的人类干预和观察证据.
- 通过肠道微生物组的破坏来探索NNS诱导的代谢失调的拟议机制.
- 讨论研究结果的异质性和个性化营养方法的潜力.
主要方法:
- 对人类干预和观察性研究进行系统审查,检查NNS,肠道微生物群和代谢健康.
- 对NNS消费,微生物组调节和代谢结果之间的关联数据的分析.
- 讨论有助于研究异质性的因素.
主要成果:
- 证据表明,NNS的消费与肠道微生物组的改变和跨研究的独立代谢效应有着不一致的关联.
- 一些试验报告了与代谢影响一起的微生物组变化,而另一些试验则没有显示任何变化.
- 在某些情况下,NNS的影响似乎独立于甜味剂类型,但异质性是一个重要的因素.
结论:
- NNS对健康的影响可能是个性化的,并取决于个体的微生物组合.
- 建议制定精准营养策略,以协调有关NNS,微生物组和健康的相互矛盾的发现.
- 未来的临床试验需要解决研究异质性,以澄清NNS,微生物组和公共卫生政策之间的关系.
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