人类认知表现中的时型和同步效应:系统性审查
Satyam Chauhan1,2, Martina Vanova2,3, Umisha Tailor4
1Department of Psychology, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University of London, London, UK.
Chronobiology international
|April 28, 2025
概括
年代型影响认知表现,特别是在老年人中,最佳时间增强了注意力,抑制和记忆力. 承认这些同步效应至关重要,以避免误解认知缺陷.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 时间生物学 时间生物学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 时间型,反映日常节奏,如睡眠-清醒周期,影响认知功能.
- 时间型,日间时间和认知表现之间的相互作用需要进一步澄清.
- 了解这些节奏是解释认知变化的关键.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查现有的关于时间型对健康成年人的认知功能的影响的文献.
- 研究时间型和白天时间 (最佳/非最佳) 对认知表现的相互作用.
- 识别调节认知任务中的同步效应的因素.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和Web of Science数据库中进行系统的文献搜索,遵循PRISMA指南.
- 包含了65项研究,检查了成年人不同年龄组的时间型和认知功能.
- 分析的重点是时间型和同步效应在白天最佳时间的主要影响.
主要成果:
- 大多数研究 (>80%) 没有发现时间型对认知功能的主要影响.
- 在年轻成年人 (18-45岁) 的45.31%的研究中观察到同步效应 (在一天的最佳时间表现更好),特别是在注意力,抑制和记忆方面.
- 老年人显示出更强的同步效应 (83.33%的研究),特别是在流体能力任务上.
结论:
- 时代型并不总是影响整个认知功能.
- 有一个显著的同步效应存在,在一个人的最佳时间提高认知表现,特别是在老年人中.
- 年龄,内源性兴奋和外源性因素相互作用,影响认知同步,如果不考虑这一点,可能导致认知缺陷的误解,特别是在老年人中.
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