8个国家的超加工食品消费导致的过早死亡率
Eduardo A F Nilson1, Felipe Mendes Delpino2, Carolina Batis3
1Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz/Brasilia), Brasília, Brazil; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile; Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
American journal of preventive medicine
|April 28, 2025
概括
高度超加工食品消费与死亡风险增加有关. 这项全球性研究发现,这些食物导致了大量的过早死亡,强调了改变饮食指南的必要性.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 超加工食品 (UPF) 主导着全球食品供应.
- 高的UPF消费始终与增加非传染性疾病风险和全因死亡率有关.
- 了解UPF消费的全球负担对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化与超加工食品消费相关的全因死亡风险.
- 估计八个不同国家的超加工食品消费的流行病学负担.
主要方法:
- 对观察性队列研究的剂量反应元分析评估了UPF摄入量和全因死亡率.
- 聚合相对风险 (RR) 计算为每增加10%的UPF消费.
- 在八个国家估计了人口可归因的早期死亡率,这些国家代表了不同的UPF消费水平.
主要成果:
- 观察到线性剂量反应关系:UPF消费量增加10%与所有原因死亡率增加3%相关 (RR=1.03;95%CI=1.02,1.04).
- 据估计,超加工食品的摄入量导致了研究国家中4%至14%的过早死亡.
- 在英国和美国观察到最高的归因负担.
结论:
- 超加工食品的摄入量大大增加了全球疾病负担.
- 减少超加工食品的消费应纳入国家饮食指南.
- 公共政策干预是必要的,以解决超加工食品对健康的影响.
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