牲畜空气抗体的暴露和健康风险
Wei Sun1,2,3, Jun Wang1,2,3, Guangdong Wang1,2,3
1Interdisciplinary Research Center for Soil Microbial Ecology and Land Sustainable Productivity in Dry Areas, Northwest A&F University, Shaanxi 712100, China.
概括
畜牧场的空气含有比城市空气更多的抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG),对农场工人造成高暴露风险. 在畜牧业对抗生素使用的限制可以减轻这种环境抗生素耐药性.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 畜牧业是抗生素的主要消费者,为抗生素耐药性基因 (ARG) 创造了热点.
- 在农场暴露于空气中传播的ARG (空气抵抗体) 的健康风险尚不清楚.
- 农场工人直接接触到农场空气中存在的ARG.
研究的目的:
- 评估猪和养殖场的空气抗体对人类的暴露和健康风险.
- 将中国农场的空气抵抗与欧洲农场的空气抵抗进行比较,同时考虑不同的抗生素使用政策.
主要方法:
- 农场空气中ARG的量化和表征.
- 畜牧场空气和城市空气之间的ARG丰度和多样性的比较.
- 通过结合实验评估ARG的可转移性.
- 与其他已知的ARG热点相比,农场空气抗体的风险评估.
主要成果:
- 与城市空气相比,畜牧场空气的每细胞ARG度是城市空气的七倍.
- 农场工人每天面临的ARG吸入暴露相当于多年的城市暴露.
- 在农场空气中检测到最后的抗生素耐药性基因 (例如, *mcr-1*, *tetX*).
- ARG与移动遗传元素联系在一起,并证明了跨族群的可转移性.
- 农场的空气抗性风险超过了医院和污水处理厂的风险.
- 与欧洲农场相比,中国农场的ARG多样性,丰度和风险得分都高于欧洲农场.
结论:
- 农场空气是ARG暴露和传播的重要途径,影响农场工人的健康.
- 长期限制牲畜使用抗生素有效降低环境抗生素耐药性.
- 抗生素管理实践对于打击农业环境中ARG传播至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:36Types of Toxins
1.4K
Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
1.4K
01:25Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
1.2K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
1.2K
02:59Biological Effects of Radiation
15.0K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
15.0K
01:29Asthma-I: Introduction
2.6K
Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
2.6K
01:17Other Pulmonary Disorders
786
Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
786
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
10.6K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
10.6K