中国医疗命名实体认可整合对抗性培训和功能增强功能
Xu Zhang1, Youchen Kao1,2, Shengbing Che3
1College of Computer Science and Mathematics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, No.498 Shaoshan South Road, Wenyuan Street, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
Scientific reports
|April 28, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了一种新的中国临床命名实体识别模型,使用BERT和对抗性增强. 该模型通过增强医疗数据提取来显著提高医疗保健专业人员的诊断准确性和效率.
科学领域:
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 由于复杂的字符结构和嵌套实体,中国电子健康记录 (EHR) 对医疗命名实体的识别提出了独特的挑战.
- 困难包括稀缺的注释数据,代币化模糊性和模糊的实体界限,阻碍了准确的医学类别提取.
- 现有的方法很难有效地应对这些特定的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个有效的中国临床命名实体识别 (NER) 模型,以适应中国电子健康系统的复杂性.
- 提高从临床文本中提取医疗命名实体的准确性和效率.
- 通过改善医疗实体提取对医疗保健专业人员来支持快速和准确的诊断.
主要方法:
- 提出了一种双通道架构,将BERT与中国临床NER的对抗性增强集成在一起.
- 整合了双向长期短期记忆网络 (BiLSTM),代深度卷积神经网络 (IDCNN) 和条件随机场 (CRF) 来提高识别精度.
- 通过使用YEDDA工具收集和专业注释医疗记录文本,创建了一个增强数据集 (CCKS2019+).
主要成果:
- 在增强数据集上,BPBIC模型实现了高性能,精度为93.80%,回忆率为94.44%,F1得分为94.12%.
- 在中国EHR中,医疗实体得到了更好的认可.
- 对提取的实体的知识图分析促进了快速准确的诊断.
结论:
- 拟议的BPBIC模型有效地解决了中国临床NER的挑战,优于现有方法.
- 整合BERT,对抗增强和先进的神经网络架构显著提高了NER的性能.
- 该模型显示了通过改进医疗实体提取来提高临床实践中的诊断效率和准确性的潜力.
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